Unit 1 Vocabulary

The first governing document of the confederated states created in 1777, then replaced by the Constitution in 1789.

• Declaration of Independence

• U.S. Constitution

• Federalist Papers

• Articles of Confederation

Money given by the federal gov't to the states for a very specific purpose (school lunches), instead of a broad purpose (education)

• Factions

• Categorical Grant

• Implied Powers

• Popular Sovereignty

Type of gov't (Also known as Participatory) in which citizens vote directly for all laws and all select individuals who are running for office

• Indirect Democracy

• Federalism

• Direct Democracy

• Elite Theory

The "layer cake" theory in which the national gov't and state gov't are coequal, with each being dominant in its respective sphere.

• Federalism

• Indirect Democracy

• Dual Federalism

• Factions

The constitutional share of power and cooperation between a central gov't, state governments, and local gov't

• Federalism

• Inherent Powers

• Unicameral Legislature

• Popular Sovereignty

A series of 85 articles written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay to persuade New Yorkers into adopting the new Constitution over the Articles of Confederation

• Articles of Confederation

• The Federalist Papers

• Bill of Rights

• Shays' Rebellion

Those that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the enumerated powers of Congress, and are granted to Congress through the Elastic Clause.

• Popular Sovereignty

• Direct Democracy

• Implied Powers

• Elite Theory

System in which the people are ruled by their representatives (also known as a representative democracy or republic).

• Indirect Democracy

• Direct Democracy

• Dual Federalism

• Factions

While implied powers are the gov't's way of doing things without it directly saying in the Constitution, this term relates to any other gov't ability it might have outside of the Constitution, simply to get governmental tasks done, such as eminent domain.

• Elite Theory

• Unicameral Legislature

• Federalism

• Inherent Powers

A 1786 revolt in Massachusetts farmers demanding debt relief, which led to the need for a Constitutional Convention.

• Elite Theory

• Shays' Rebellion

• Devolution

• Popular Sovereignty