Middle School Science Summative

Which characteristic of our solar system is most crucial to support life on Earth?

• the length of time of Earth’s revolution

• distance between the Earth and Sun

• the distance between the Sun and other stars

• the composition of Earth’s Moon

A region in space that is so dense that nothing, even light energy, can escape its gravitational field is known as a —

• nebula

• black hole

• pulsar

• black dwarf

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which statement below best explains why we can only see one side of the moon from the Earth?

• The rotational period and the revolutionary period of the moon are the same length.

• The axis of the Earth prevents us from seeing the other side of the moon.

• People in the Northern Hemisphere see one side of the moon while people in the Southern Hemisphere see the other side.

• The other side of the moon is visible during the new moon phase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The Earth moves in predictable patterns. One of these patterns causes approximately 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness during a 24-hour period in areas around the equator. This movement is referred to as —

• a rotation

• an equinox

• a photoperiod

• a revolution

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which stars look the largest and brightest in the night sky?

• The stars that are older than the Sun

• The stars that are larger than Earth

• The stars that are closest to the Earth

• The stars that are the same color as the Sun

Electromagnetic waves are characterized by their frequency and wavelength. The smaller the wavelength of a wave, the higher the frequency and penetrating power the wave will have. Which of the waves would be the most concerning to a human due to the wave's amount of energy and penetrating ability?

• Gamma Rays

• Ultraviolet

• Microwave

• Radio waves

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-4

Scientists approximate that there are 20 billion stars like our sun in the Milky Way. Why does the sun appear to be brighter than any other star in the Milky Way?

• The sun is older than all of the other stars in the Milky Way.

• The sun is closer to the Earth than any other star in the Milky Way.

• The sun is hotter than any other star in the Milky Way.

• The sun has more energy than any other star in the Milky Way.

The Milky Way galaxy is a spiral galaxy that contains our sun and solar system. A representation of the Milky Way is shown in the image. Where in this diagram would our sun most likely be found?

• The sun would be found in the middle of the galaxy.

• The sun would be found at the beginning of the spiral arm, near the middle of the galaxy.

• The sun would be found in the middle of a spiral arm.

• The sun would be found on the end of a spiral arm.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

According to the diagram, which of these types of stars is the brightest?

• hot white dwarf

• hot main sequence star

• cool super giant

• cool giant

Which phases of the moon are associated with the largest tidal range?

• Waxing Crescent & Waning Gibbous

• Waning Crescent & Waxing Gibbous

• First Quarter & Third Quarter

• Full Moon & New Moon

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1