Astronomy Review

Base your answer on the diagram. It shows twelve constellations that are visible in the night sky. Different positions of Earth are represented by letters A through D. The arrows represent the direction of Earth's motion around the Sun.

The constellations observed when Earth is at position A are different from the constellations observed when Earth is at position C because

• Earth moves in its orbit

• Earth is tilted on its axis

• the lengths of day and night are different

• the stars move around Earth as shown by star trails

How would a three-hour time exposure photograph of stars in the northern sky appear if the Earth did not rotate?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which statement best supports the idea that the Earth rotates on its axis?

• The stars appear to follow circular paths across the sky.

• The apparent size of the Sun changes throughout the year.

• The length of the day and night varies throughout the year.

• The seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter) repeat in a cyclic manner.

Which kind of model of the solar system is represented by the diagram?

• heliocentric model

• geocentric model

• sidereal model

• lunar model

Which statement best describes a geocentric model of our solar system?

• The Earth is located at the center of the

  model.

• All planets revolve around the Sun.

• The Sun is located at the center of the model.

• All planets except the Earth revolve around

  the Sun.

Why does the Sun generally appear to rise in the east, move across the sky, and set in the west each day?

• Earth revolves around the Sun.

• The Sun rotates on its axis.

• Earth rotates on its axis.

• The Sun revolves around Earth.

The cartoon characters are watching the Sun set. Toward which general direction are the characters looking?

• north

• south

• east

• west

How long does Earth take to complete one orbit around the Sun?

• 1 day

• 1 month

• 1 year

• 1 decade

The day and the year, as units of time, are based upon motions of

• the Earth

• the Moon

• the Sun

• distant stars

Summer days in North America are likely to be hotter than winter days because in summer

• Earth is closer to the Sun

• the number of sunspots increases

• Earth’s northern axis is tilted toward the Sun

• the Sun gives off more energy