ES Assessment 2 (Q2)

Which statement about the size of the universe is true?

• Most astronomers believe the universe is expanding in size.

• Most astronomers believe the universe is shrinking in size.

• Most astronomers believe the universe is remaining the same size.

• Most astronomers believe the universe is shrinking and expanding in a cyclic pattern.

A student reads characteristics of three different galaxies, as shown in the table.Which table shows the possible shape of each galaxy?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Which theory states that the universe originated as a single mass?

• big bang

• steady state

• astronomical

• catastrophism

A student reads that the star, Proxima Centauri, is 4.2 light years from Earth. What does a light year represent?

• the distance light travels in one year

• the intensity of light that reaches Earth

• the time taken by light to reach from the star to Earth

• the speed with which light travels from the star to Earth

Which term describes a group of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravitational attraction?

• galaxy

• nova

• quasar

• supernova

What structure of the eye refracts light to focus the light on the retina?

• cornea

• iris

• lens

• pupil

Students want to raise the temperature of water in a glass jar. The jar is on a table in full sunlight. The fastest way to increase the temperature without using a hot plate is to place

• a straw in the water.

• clear plastic wrap around the glass.

• a thermometer in the water.

• black material around the glass.

A student draws a sketch of a galaxy viewed from above. He labels it as the Milky Way. Why could the student label the sketch as the Milky Way?

• It has a spiral shape.

• It has an irregular shape.

• It looks like a large flattened ball.

• It has gases revolving around a huge star.

According to the big bang theory, how is the universe changing?

• It is contracting.

• It is expanding.

• Only the rim is expanding.

• Only the center is contracting.

A student examines an image showing the types of different galaxies and reads the description of each. The student then observes the side view of the Milky Way galaxy. Which type of galaxy is the Milky Way?

• elliptical galaxy

• irregular galaxy

• lenticular galaxy

• spiral galaxy