Ecology Review

Some plant roots grow with mycorrhizal fungi. The fungi absorb water and minerals and pass them on to the plant and receive carbohydrates from the plant. This is an example of

• mutualism

• competition

• predation

• parasitism

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits while one organism is harmed is known as

• antagonism

• commensalism

• parasitism

• mutualism

The chart shows the types of organisms and the numbers of species collected from a local ecosystem. According to these data, this ecosystem was most likely a

• savanna

• desert

• tundra

• marsh

This graph suggests that from 1840 to 1920, the carrying capacity for sheep in Tasmania was approximately

• 0.75 million

• 1.00 million

• 1.75 million

• 2.25 million

Organisms reproduce following several patterns. Some organisms produce few offspring and provide parental care. Other organisms produce many offspring but provide little or no parental care. Which of the following organisms has the greatest risk of losing a population due to the death of only a few individuals?

• bacteria

• flies

• elephants

• rats

A mushroom and a humpback whale are alike because both are

• motile

• prokaryotic

• unicellular

• heterotrophic

In the diagram, which organism provides nutrients for the largest number of other organisms?

• bluefish

• seal

• snapper

• herring

This key can be used to distinguish four species of frogs found in ponds in eastern Virginia. To which species does the frog shown belong?

• Rana sphenocephala

• Rana clamitans

• Rana catesbeiana

• Rana virgatipes

This organism is most closely related to animals in the Phylum Arthropoda, the phylum that contains beetles, because it has:

• an elongated body

• legs

• antennae

• jointed appendages

One method of determining the classification of an animal is by comparing the amino acid sequence. Which of these animals most closely resembles the unknown animal?

• Mouse: Met-Gly-Ser-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-His- Glu-Val-Val-Leu

• Dog: Met-Gly-Ser-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-His-Asp-Glu-Lys-Asp

• Horse: Met-Gly-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Arg- Asp-His-Glu-Lys-Asp

• . Cat: Met-Gly-Ser-Tyr-Tyr-Arg-His-His- Arg-Cys-Thre-Asp