APES Review: Energy

As pressure and heat are added, this fossil fuel goes from Peat to lignite, then Bituminous and finally to Anthracite. 

• Coal
• Oil
• Natural Gas
• Petroleum

Crude oil is 

• usable in its raw form
• formed quickly less than 100 yards below the surface
• formed at low temperature and pressure
• fractionated to produce a a variety of products from gasoline to plastics

Natural Gas

• produces less greenhouse gas than coal
• when combusted, has zero net CO₂ emissions
• will be depleted by 2020 at the current usage rate
• is a byproduct of agriculture

One of the risks when fracking for natural gas is _________________________

• contamination of drinking water
• spills resulting in kerogen exposure in the ecosystem
• mine collapse
• flooding

What must be present for Fossil Fuels to form?

• Bones and Sediment
• Dead Organisms and Layers of Sediment
• Dead Organisms, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
• Bones, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time

Ultimately, all biofuels are ________, because they are the result of ________.

• geological; sedimentation
• solar; photosynthesis 
• inefficient; decomposition by microorganisms
• synthetic; chemical manipulation of hydrocarbons

Which of the following energy sources is considered nonrenewable?

• fossil fuel energy

• sunlight (solar) energy

• geothermal

• wind

The major long-term problem with using coal to generate electricity is the ________.

• environmental damage in the area around the mine
• water pollution
• carbon dioxide released

Offshore wind farms are being seriously considered because ________.

• they are more aesthetically pleasing
• wind speeds are higher and turbulence is lower
• they do not interfere with bird migration routes

The most commonly used approach to solar energy collection is ________, in which buildings are designed and building materials chosen to maximize their direct absorption of sunlight in winter, even as they keep the interior cool in the heat of summer.

• Active
• Passive
• Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
• Photovoltaic Cells