Kinetics: AP Chemistry

What does kinetics mainly study?

• concentration of (aq) mixtures 
• pressure of (g) mixtures
• how much products are produced
• reaction rates

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which factors significantly affect reaction rate?

• temperature
• presence of a catalyst
• amount of chemical
• all of the above and other factors

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

A catalyst:

• appears in the reactants of an early elementary step of a proposed reaction mechanism
• appears in the products of the last proposed reaction mechanism
• can affect reaction rate, but is not used up in a chemical reaction
• all of the above 

A catalyst:

• cannot infinitely increase reaction rate
• helps reactants fit better together
• must both bond reactants, and eventually be released from chemicals
• all of the above

A catalyst:

• increases activation energy of a chemical reaction
• decreases activation energy of a chemical reaction
• cannot be destroyed with high temperatures
• all of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

A catalyst: 

• is more efficient if it is homogeneous
• is more efficient if its state matches that of the substrate reactants it originally bonds to
• is more efficient if it is heterogeneous
• all of the above

A catalyst:

• should be eliminated when we solve elementary reaction steps of a proposed reaction mechanism simultaneously
• should always be introduced and eliminated in the first elementary step of a proposed reaction mechanism
• lowers the amount of energy released by an exothermic reaction
• lowers the amount of energy added to a reaction 

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Increasing temperature of a chemical reaction:

• increases the number of collisions per second of chemical reactants
• increases the speed of reaction
• can increase the pressure of reactants
• all of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Many kinetics equations fit a slope intercept form.  The Arrhenius equation is k = A e−(Ea/RT). The slope of a plot of ln k vs. 1/T is equal to: 

• -k
• k
• activation energy
• -Ea/ R

What is the slope of an Arrhenius plot for the following reaction? 2NOCl → 2NO + Cl2
Temperature (K)                            k (L/mol·s) 400.                                               6.6 × 10−4 500.                                               2.9 × 10−1 600.                                               16.3

• 8.18 × 10 to the -2 K 
• 5.06 × 10 to the -2 K
• −1.22 × 10 to the 4th K
• −1.96 × 10 to the 4th K

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5