Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases

Maria went swimming in a freshwater lake where snail larvae infected with Schistosoma are common. Maria later experiences a rash accompanied with diarrhea and abdominal pain. What is most likely causing these symptoms?

• prions
• fungi
• helminths
• protozoa

Humans are the only organism affected by the measles virus. What role in the chain of infection do humans play in this cycle?

• diseased
• reservoir
• infected
• sanitary

Marcus has HIV and was recently diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Which term best describes this new diagnosis?

• viral infection
• septic infection
• opportunistic infection
• congenital infection

Molly was diagnosed with trichinosis. How did Molly most likely acquire this disease?

• direct contact with contaminated body fluids
• eating under-cooked meat
• fecal-oral transmission
• drinking from the same glass as a contaminated individual

Tuberculosis is considered re-emerging because this infection has shown resistance to:

• vaccines
• anti-fungal medications
• antibiotic medications
• anti-parasitic medications

Amelia was diagnosed with pneumonia and later developed a vaginal yeast infection. The yeast infection would be considered a/an:

• bacterial infection
• viral infection
• opportunistic infection
• nosocomial infection

Which disease has occurred throughout human history, but has only recently been recognized as a distinct disease due to the infection's potential to spread to the heart, joints, and nervous system?

• HIV
• meningitis
• Lyme disease
• tuberculosis

A bacterial infection can be treated using what medical intervention?

• anti-fungal medication
• anti-parasitic medication
• viral vaccine
• antibiotic medication

Natural defense mechanisms within the body include tears, saliva, and:

• mucous and nasal membrane secretions
• semen
• sweat
• urine

Which group of symptoms is most common for tuberculosis patients?

• cough (sometimes blood-tinged), weight loss, night sweats, and fever
• muscle weakness and high blood pressure
• nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
•     severe muscle     cramps and vomiting