SLO Part 2

The terms legislative oversight, impoundment, and political parties are most closely associated with

• the issuance of pardons for Presidential staff members
• protect people from abuses by the federal government
• informal practices that led to changes in the U.S. Constitution
• racial segregation in the public schools  

During the 1920s, the manufacture, sale, transportation, import, or export of alcoholic beverages was illegal across the United States. Why did it take the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the Constitution in 1933 to make alcohol manufacture, sale, transportation, importation, or exportation legal again?

• The Supreme Court refused to rule on the federal law banning alcohol.
• Congressional representatives knew they would lose votes if they reversed the original federal law.
• Alcohol was banned by an amendment to the Constitution, and only another amendment would repeal it.
• The states each had conflicting versions of the law.

A primary reason for the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868) was to

• continue the Presidential plan for Reconstruction
• punish the South for their secession from the Union
• guarantee citizenship rights to the newly freed slaves
• uphold the legality of the Black Codes

The change to the direct election of senators, the lowering of the voting age to eighteen, and the establishment of a two-term limit for presidents are all examples of the use of

• judicial review
• the amendment process
• checks and balances
• executive privilege

Which is a valid generalization about Presidential elections since the ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment?

• A pattern has been established dealing with Presidential succession.
• Campaign finance laws have reduced spending by candidates.
• Candidates have new forms of mass media to reach voters.
• All Presidents and Vice Presidents come from the same political party

Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President on four separate occasions. This situation is an example of

• a President refusing to follow provisions in the U.S. Constitution
• a President undermining the separation of powers
• how a Presidential action led to a new constitutional amendment
• the use of the system of checks and balances

   The following arguments were offered by President George Washington: He had promised not to seek unfair power as a government official. He did not wish to be accused of having concealed ambition. He sought to keep the Presidency an elective office like other federal offices. These arguments offered by President Washington help us to understand his reasons for

• retiring when his term of office was finished
• using his veto power over Congress
• declining to serve as President for a third term
• seeking to eliminate the growth of political parties

Twenty-Fifth Amendment Section 1. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress. This amendment to the U.S. Constitution made it possible for

• a.  Gerald Ford to become President when Richard Nixon resigned in 1974
• a.  the Supreme Court to rule on vote counting in Florida in the Presidential Election of 2000
• voters to elect Franklin D. Roosevelt to a fourth term as President in 1944
• the House of Representatives to impeach President Bill Clinton in 1998

Which power of the Supreme Court expanded its authority beyond what was stated in the original U.S. Constitution?

• eliminating the power of the President to veto bills
• changing the operation of the electoral college
• applying judicial review to state and national laws
• increasing the number of Justices on the Supreme Court

People who dodged the draft by fleeing to Canada during the Vietnam War were pardoned by President Jimmy Carter. President Carter was acting under his authority as

• leader of the free world
• chief diplomat of the United States
• chief executive of the United States
• Head of state