APWH Unit 3

Which answer best describes the context in which to better understand the author's tone in the first passage?

• a Palestinian who has clear anti-Greek sentiment resulting from the constant conflict between Greeks and Palestinians
• a proud Byzantine soldier and a citizen who has witnessed  multiple Byzantine victories extending their territories
• an educated, elite member of the Byzantine government who is trying to write an accurate history of the empire
• an official writer of the Byzantine Empire who is trying to advance his standing within the imperial realm

The codification of law (Corpus Iuris Civilis) credited to Justinian and referred to above in the first passage was most influenced by the

• Code of Hammurabi
• Law of Manu
• Law of the Twelve Tables
• trial by ordeal

Which aspect of al-Andalus _{(Muslim Spain / Islamic Iberia)} does this passage most clearly describe?

• the conquest of Spain by the Christian forces
• the sharing of ideas between artists and scientists
• the transfer of Arab learning to Europeans
• the art and practice of chivalry

The primary reason the Muslim population in Spain grew between the time of Muhammad and the time of Alhambra was built in (c. 900) was that

• Arab and Moorish armies had conquered Spain militarily
• Christians and Jews living in Spain had converted to Islam
• Arab Muslims had migrated to Spain to escape the crusades
• Spanish monarchs had invited them to settle in Spain

Which statement provides the best reason for Europeans to travel to Spain, to learn at universities established by Arabs?

• Europe had no universities other than the ones in Spain
• Europeans wanted to increase trade with Arabs
• Europeans were curious about new forms of art and architecture that Arabs had developed
• Europeans wanted to learn about classical Greek science and culture and new Arab discoveries in astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.

The similarity in the mosques located in different areas of the Islamic world mainly results from

• the spiritual and cultural unification of diverse people and cultures under Islam
• an edict by the Abbasid caliph that all mosques should be built with the same guidelines
• the blending of tradtional Christian architectural style with the more modern Persian technology
• the desire of many Muslims to worship outdoors as their  Bedouin forbearers did in the 6th century CE

Large and ornate mosques were built in areas conquered by the Islamic caliphs as a way to

• provide worship space for the great number of converts who were forced to become Muslims
• demonstrate the power and prosperity of the Islamic merchants who built them
• symbolize the spiritual power and majesty of Islam
• cover the ruins of Christian churches and Jewish synagogues that the Arabs had destroyed

Great Zimbabwe represents an achievement because it was built

• with techniques used by Arabs and the Portuguese
• without mortar
• without slave labor
• away from any large settlement of people

One factor that contributed to the declines of both Great Zimbabwe and the Mayans was

• invasions by neighbors with iron weapons
• contact with Europeans
• environmental damage
• ethnic conflicts within the community

This map shows that the migration of Bantu speakers extended from the "Bantu cradle" to

• the northern side of the Sahara
• the island of Madagascar
• the southern tip of Africa
• the Niger River