ES SOL Review 07b

Limestone chips dissolve after they are placed in a beaker of dilute acid. Which geologic process is this most similar to?

• Faulting
• Folding
• Weathering
• Subduction

Which of the following processes will change a sedimentary rock into an igneous rock?

• Melting and crystallization
• Erosion and deposition
• Deformation and deposition
• Faulting and fracturing

Obsidian, pumice, and scoria lack crystals because —

• not enough minerals were present where they formed
• they cooled too quickly
• they cooled deep inside Earth
• they cooled too slowly

Rocks found on land are up to 3.8 billion years old, but those in the ocean are no more than 180 million years old. Using the information shown, during which era could parts of the ocean floor have formed?

• Triassic
• Paleozoic
• Precambrian
• Mesozoic

Which of these are caused primarily by the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon?

• Tides
• Seasons
• Prevailing winds
• Magnetic poles

In this section of undisturbed sedimentary layers, which best describes layer 2?

• It was intruded into layer 1.
• It was intruded into layer 3
• It was deposited after layer 1.
• It was deposited after layer 3.

The rock shown is composed primarily of large crystals that were formed by —

• cooling magma
• compacting shells
• weathering
• faulting

Earth’s axis of rotation is tilted 23.5° relative to the plane of its orbit, which helps to cause —

• the seasons
• day and night
• the lunar phases
• high and low tides

Some fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they —

• produce toxic waste
• can be easily recycled
• come from deep within Earth
• require a long period of time to form

These geologic cross sections show the location of three fossilized species (W, X, and Y) found in rock layers at two nearby sites. Species X is probably the oldest species because it is found —

• below species W
• in the lowest layer
• above the ash layer
• in sandstone