Biology EOC STAAR CAT2

Which of the following uses a karyotype?

• chromosomal analysis
• modifying an organism's genes
• determining a genome
• DNA fingerprinting

Which of these controls the differentiation of cells in a multi cellular organism?

• the production of gametes during meiosis
• cell reproduction by binary fission
• the locations of the cells within the developing embryo
• the concentration of maternal hormones

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The ability to taste a bitter chemical called PTC is a dominant trait in humans.  The Punnett square below shows a cross between two parents who are heterozygous for the ability to taste this chemical.  What is the probability, expressed as a percentage, that these parents will produce an offspring who is homozygous recessive for the tasting trait?

• 0%
• 25%
• 50%
• 75%

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Which of the following is most likely to alter the DNA in an individual's gametes before it is passed to offspring?

• poor nutrition
• bright lights
• ultraviolet (UV) radiation
• cool temperatures

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of these substances stores and transmits the information that specifies the traits of an organism?

• DNA
• RNA
• enzymes
  
• carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A strand of DNA with the sequence A-C-T-T-G serves as a template to form a strand of mRNA with the sequence U-G-A-A-C.  During which process would this happen?

• replication
• transcription
• translation
• meiosis

Which statement describes the components that make up the genetic code of all organisms?

• The components are unique in every kind of organisms
• the components are the same for all organisms
• the components are the same only for unicellular organisms
  
• the components are unique in all kinds of organisms that reproduce sexually

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The diagram summarizes two stages in the production of the specialized cells used for sexual reproduction.
What happens in the stage labeled "process 2"?

• The chromosomes cross over.
• Th chromosomes number is reduced by half.
• The chromosomes move to opposite end of the cell.
• Four identical gametes form.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Proteins are formed in the cytoplasm of cell using genetic instructions from DNA, which is located in the cells nucleus.  Which of the following best explains how the genetic information gets to the site of protein synthesis?

• DNA is divided during mitosis, and one strand travels outside the nucleus to bind with RNA and form a protein
• DNA is copied to make mRNA. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes to the ribosomes, where the information is used to guide protein synthesis.
• Genetic information travels from DNA in the nucleus along a strand of mRNA that is connected to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.
• The genetic code is transferred to ribosomes on tRNA molecules, which can pass through the nuclear membrane.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The diagram shows the base sequence of a strand of DNA.
From left to right, what is the sequence of the complementary strand of DNA in this molecule?

• T G A A C
• A C T  T G
• T G U U C
• U C T T G