Thermodynamics GED

How Organisms Get
Energy

PART 1: All living things use energy

•All of the things happening inside
your body require energy
•The first law of thermodynamics
says energy cannot be created or
destroyed, only transformed from
one form to another
•Living things have to convert energy
in food into chemical energy that
can be used by cells

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

•To get energy, living things must either take in
food or make their own
•Autotrophs make their own food- plants use
energy from the sun to make their own food;
some use inorganic substances
•Heterotrophs need to eat food
to get energy

Categorize

Options (5)

oak tree

daffodil

human

fish

mushroom

Human, mushroom, oak tree, fish, daffodil

Autotroph

Heterotroph

Metabolism
•All of the chemical reactions in a cell are called the
cell’s metabolism
•There are two types of metabolic pathways (types
of chemical reactions)
•Catabolic/Exothermic pathways release energy by
breaking down larger molecules into smaller
molecules
•Anabolic/Endothermic pathways take in energy to
build larger molecules from smaller ones

Multiple Choice

Digesting food would be

• anabolic pathway

• catabolic pathway

Metabolic Pathways- (Everybody Eats)

•Photosynthesis
(photo=light, synthesis = making)
•Chemosynthesis
(chemo= chemical, synthesis= making)
•Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Producers make their
own food using energy
from sun

What could be an example of a producer?

Chemosynthesis:
Bacteria make their own food using chemicals
like hydrogen sulfide

Cellular Respiration:
Converting sugar into cellular energy (all types
of organisms use this, even plants!)

ATP- The energy currency of the cell
- In the mitochondria, glucose is converted to a molecule

called

- ATP is used to power cellular processes

ATP= adenosine triphosphate

ATP

Match

Match the following

• photosynthesis

• cellular respiration

• chemosynthesis

plants use sunlight to make sugars

organisms break down sugar to make ATP

bacteria use chemicals to make sugar

• plants use sunlight to make sugars

• organisms break down sugar to make ATP

• bacteria use chemicals to make sugar

Multiple Choice

Why is ATP important?

• Without it your cells have no energy and die

• It's not important

• Bananas

Thermodynamics Notes

Open Ended

List as many types of energy as you can.

Today's Goals

Copy Thermodynamics Notes into notebook

Answer Reflection questions in canvas

Today's Assignment

Copy Notes into Notebook

Answer Reflection Questions in Canvas

Open Ended

Any questions?