New Deal Lesson 2

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1

The Second New Deal
LESSON
2
The Second New Deal includes new programs to extend federal aid and stimulate the
nation’s economy.

Multiple Choice

Who was Dorothea Lange?

• A photojournalist employed by William Randolph Hurst

• A photographer employed by the WPA (Works Progress Administration)

• An amateur photographer looking for work

• A journalist working for the Courier Journal

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2

The Second New Deal
LESSON
2
The Second Hundred Days

■By 1935, economic recovery not as great as FDR had expected

■FDR launches second phase: more relief for farmers, workers

■First Lady EleanorRoosevelt, a social reformer, prods president

–traveled the country to observe social conditions

Reelecting FDR

■1936, Democrats win presidency, large majorities in both houses

■First time most African Americans vote Democratic

■First time labor unions give united support to presidential candidate

Multiple Select

"Eleanor Roosevelt had used her influence in the Democratic National Committee to urge the administration to appoint women to government positions. In addition, she made sure that the New Deal included relief programs for women, as well as for men. She continued to focus on social issues during FDR’s second term. She traveled the country, observing social conditions. She also reminded the president about the continuing suffering throughout the country. She lobbied for civil rights and workers’ rights as well."

What was Eleanor Roosevelt’s role in the New Deal?

• She lobbied elected leaders for new banking and finance laws.

• She advocated for people who were typically underrepresented.

• She traveled the country encouraging people to support different policies.

• She established committees to hear the grievances of different business groups.

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3

The Second New Deal
LESSON
2
Helping Farmers

■Many farmers still suffering from Dust Bowl

■2 out of every 5 farms mortgaged, many farmers default

■Farm machines replacing workers on large farms

Focusing on Farms

■1936 Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act replaces AAA

–rewards farmers for practicing soil conservation

■New Agricultural Adjustment Act avoids unconstitutional provision

■Resettlement Administration gives loans to small farmers to buy land

■Farm Security Administration—loans to tenant farmers to buy land

■FSA hires photographers to shoot rural towns, farms, farmers

Multiple Choice

What groups supported FDR in the 1936 election?

• White Collar Workers and Southern Traditionalists

• Christian Fundamentalists and Fiscal Conservative

• African American and Labor Unions

• Socialists and Communists

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4

The Second New Deal
LESSON
2
Roosevelt Extends Relief

■Works Progress Administration (WPA)—creates jobs

■WPA workers build airports, roads, public buildings

■Women workers sew clothes for the needy

■WPA employs professional writers, artists, performers

■National Youth Administration (NYA)—education, jobs, counseling

■Gives aid to students in exchange for part-time work

Multiple Choice

What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

• to quickly train men to construct new government buildings

• to quickly create as many jobs for as many people as possible

• to train young people for a trade career at an accelerated pace

• to create jobs for unemployed men to conserve the environment

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5

The Second New Deal
LESSON
2
Improving Labor and Other Reforms

■Roosevelt and Congress work to address labor relations and economic security for retirees

Improving Labor Conditions

■National Labor Relations Act, or Wagner Act, replaces NIRA:

–protects right to join unions, collective bargaining

–prohibits unfair labor practices

■Wagner Act also sets up National Labor Relations Board:

–hears testimony about labor practices

–holds elections to determine if workers want unions

■Fair Labor Standards Act sets maximum hours, minimum wage

Continued…

Open Ended

How did the Wagner Act and Fair Labor Standards Act benefit workers?

Lesson 2

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6

Improving Labor and Other Reforms (continued)

The Social Security Act

■1935, Social Security Act creates Social Security system; provides:

–insurance for retirees 65 or older

–unemployment compensation

–aid to disabled, families with children

Expanding and Regulating Utilities

■Rural Electrification Administration brings electricity to farms and rural homes

■Public Utility Holding Company Act aims to stop financial corruption

Multiple Choice

What law provided for unemployment compensation and insurance for people who were elderly?

• Fair Labor Standards Act

• Public Utility Company Act

• Social Security Act

• Wagner Act