Civil Rights 1

Civil Rights Movement

(1950s)

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Origins of Civil Rights Movement

Major turning point for American society - led to later efforts by women,
other ethnic minorities, the disabled, the young & the old to obtain equal
opportunities

•Civil Rights Amendments:

-13th Amend: abolished slavery
- 14th Amend: all persons born or naturalized in U.S. were
entitled equal rights (granted African-Americans citizenship)
- 15th Amend: gave people right to vote regardless of race

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The Truman Years (1945-1953)

● 1947: Jackie Robinson - became first

African-American baseball playerto cross
the “color line” and join the major leagues

● Truman’s Re-election inauguration:

integrated

● 1948: executive order to desegregate

armed forces

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CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).
Allowed "separate but equal" facilities.
Brown v. Board. of Education (1954).

•Ended segregation in public schools

•Separate facilities: "inherently unequal.”

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Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):
- Allowed "separate but equal" facilities.
Brown v. Board. of Education (1954):
- Ended segregation in public schools (overturned Plessy

ruling)

- Separate facilities: "inherently unequal.”
Thurgood Marshall: argued the case for the NAACP; would
later become first African-American Supreme Court justice

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Match

Match the following

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Brown v. Board of Education

abolished slavery

all persons born or naturalized in U.S. were entitled equal rights

gave people right to vote regardless of race

Allowed "separate but equal" facilities.

Ended segregation in public schools

• abolished slavery

• all persons born or naturalized in U.S. were entitled equal rights

• gave people right to vote regardless of race

• Allowed "separate but equal" facilities.

• Ended segregation in public schools

Drag and Drop

President ​

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proposed civil rights legislation to congress but it did not pass, so when he got re-elected, he demanded his ​

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to be integrated (mixed). He also issued executive orders to ​

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the armed forces.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Truman

inauguration

desegregate

Eisenhower

election

segregate

Multiple Choice

The NAACP is an organization that...

• Challenged the separate but equal doctrine in the American court system

• Fights to win racial inequality by challenging the law and fighting for changes in the constitution

• stands for "The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"

• A and C

• All of the Above

Match

Match the following person with the event they spearheaded...

• Rosa Parks

• Little Rock Nine

• Freedom Riders

• Herman Sweatt

• Jackie Robinson

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Integration in Little Rock H.S.

civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States

Black law student who challenged UT LAW

first African-American baseball player to cross the "color line" and join MLB

• Montgomery Bus Boycott

• Integration in Little Rock H.S.

• civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States

• Black law student who challenged UT LAW

• first African-American baseball player to cross the "color line" and join MLB

Open Ended

How did Brown vs. Board of Education (1954) cancel Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)? Did it end ALL racism and segregation? If it didn't, what lead the change to end racism and segregation in America?

Write in complete sentences.

Highlights of the Civil Rights Movement

•Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-1956)

• Rosa Parks's arrest sparked the boycott,

during which the black citizens of
Montgomery refused to ride the city's buses
in protest.

• Martin Luther King, Jr: leader of the boycott

•Integration in Little Rock H.S. (1957)

• gained national attention when Governor Orval

Faubusmobilized the Arkansas National Guard
in an effort to prevent nine African American
students from integrating the high school
(Little Rock Nine)

• President Eisenhower ordered federal troops to

ensure the Little Rock Nine could attend

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Highlights of the Civil Rights Movement

Sit-ins

• Students from across the country came

together to form the Student Nonviolent
Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and
organize sit-ins at “whites only” counters
throughout the South

•Freedom Riders

• civil rights activists who rode interstate

buses into the segregated southern United
States in 1961 and subsequent years to
challenge the nonenforcement (wanted to
overturn racial segregation on public
transportation)

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Resistance to Integration:
- Orval Faubus (Little Rock Nine)
- George Wallace (Alabama

Governor) who stood at the door to
U. of Alabama in a symbolic attempt
to keep 2 African-American students
from enrolling

- Congressional bloc of Southern

Democrats: banded together to

try to stop federal civil rights legislation
from passing

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DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.

Major beliefs of Dr. King.

•Belief in non-violent, civil disobedience.

•Modeled his actions after those of Thoreau and Gandhi.
Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955). Ended segregated buses in
Montgomery. Raised Rosa Parks to national prominence.
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DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.

"Letter from a Birmingham Jail."

•King explained why African Americans could no longer wait for
equality.
March on Washington (1963).

•Delivered his "I Have A Dream" Speech.

•Eventually led to passage of the CivilRights Act of 1964

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CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Highlights of the Civil Rights Movement.

•Voting Rights Act (1965)

• a landmark piece of federal legislation in the

United States that prohibits racial discrimination
in voting

•Affirmative Action (1965)

• the practice or policy of favoring individuals

belonging to groups known to have been
discriminated against previously

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OTHER IMPORTANT INDIVIDUALS

•Thurgood Marshall. NAACP attorney; was first African American
on Supreme Court.

•Rosa Parks. Montgomery bus boycott

•Southern Governors resisting integration: George Wallace,
Orval Faubus, and Lester Maddox

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