Phylogenetic Trees CER (Day 1)

1. Grab your notebook from the counter.

2. Create a new page and title it. "Phylogenetic Trees CER Lesson"

3. Work through the lesson and upload an image of your completed work.

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​Instructions

Open Ended

Based on the Phylogenetic Tree from the video 

Which of these species is the closest living relative to Cheetahs?

Multiple Choice

Based on the video:

Do the two phylogenies (at the end) depict the same evolutionary relationship?

• Yes, the phylogenetic trees should show the same hypothesis because flipping the entire tree without changing the nodes does not affect the relationships between species.

• No, flipping the entire tree would result in a different phylogenetic hypothesis since it alters the orientation of the branches and the representation of evolutionary relationships.

• Yes, as long as the relative positions of the nodes remain unchanged, flipping the entire tree does not impact the overall phylogenetic hypothesis.

• No, the phylogenetic trees would differ because flipping the entire tree alters the orientation of the branches and distorts the accurate representation of evolutionary relationships.

STATE YOUR

CLAIM

(in your notebook)

1. What characteristic
   is common among
   all the organisms?

2. Based on the phylogenic tree,
   which pairs of species would
   scientist expect to have the
   most anatomical similarities?

Hint: Fill in the blanks.
Snakes evolved after _____.
____ evolved before birds.

Multiple Choice

Ziggy is more active when the tank is in the classroom versus when the tank is in the prep room.

• claim

• evidence

• reasoning

Multiple Choice

A claim is ______________________________.

• a kind of shellfish often used in chowder. 
• a fact.
• a statement or conclusion that answers the original question or problem
  
• a bad thing to make about something.

LET’S SUPPORT OUR CLAIM WITH EVIDENCE
(write your claims In your notebook)

•Pick one of your claims (fill in the blank statements).
•Find 3 – 4 pieces of evidence of how these organisms
evolved differently based on the 5 evidences for common
ancestry.

1.Behavioral

2. Adaptation,

3.Vestigial/analogous structures

4. Comparative embryology

5. Molecular biology

Multiple Choice

Evidence is ___________________

• A statement or conclusion that answers a question
• Scientific data that supports the claim
• A justification that connects the claim to the evidence
• Not vital when using an argument

Multiple Choice

Which piece of evidence could be used to BEST support this claim:
High school students should be required to wear uniforms.

• When adding everything up, a school uniform could end up costing more than $200.
• A student reported, "Allowing us to wear our own clothes gives us a chance to show our unique style and independence."
• At one school that recently required students to wear uniforms, attendence rates went up, and behavior incidents went down.
• School uniforms can be ordered online .

EXAMPLE

The presence of the shared Pax-1 gene,responsible for the development of vertebrae, in
both lizards and snakes indicates a common evolutionary origin between these retiles.

LET’S GET TO WORK…

•Select one of your claims (fill in the blank statements).
•Find 3 – 4 pieces of evidence of how these organisms
evolved differently based on the 5 evidences for
common ancestry.

1.Behavioral

2. Adaptation,

3.Vestigial/analogous structures

4. Comparative embryology

5. Molecular biology

Multiple Choice

The classroom's average temperature is 28 degress Celsius and the prep room's average temperature is 24 degrees Celsius

• claim

• evidence

• reasoning

Multiple Select

Which sentence(s) are the evidence in this paragraph? Check all.

1. Katniss consistently underestimates her competitors in the Hunger Games. 2. For example, upon first noting Rue in the training center, Katniss characterizes the younger girl as a "small yellow flower" (Collins 99). 3. Furthermore, Katniss maintains that twelve-year-old Rue reminds her of a bird (Collins 99). 4. During the games, however, Rue is not delicate like a flower or helpless as a bird; the young girl makes smart decisions that ultimately save Katniss' life.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is the evidence in this paragraph?

American high schools should offer classes on stress management in order to better prepare students for the workforce. According to CNBC, 80% of American workers report feeling stressed at work. By teaching students healthy habits for managing stress, high schools would help create a generation of workers that is more relaxed and confident.

• Red - first sentence

• Green - second sentence

• Blue - third sentence

​What about Reasoning?

​Evidence is just a fact by itself, and usually only appears as a single sentence in a CER.

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​The reasoning explains WHY that data supports your claim.

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​Let's look at some examples.

Multiple Choice

What is the reasoning?
In our experiment, the blocks had different masses, 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g and 142 g but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall. No, mass does not affect how quickly an object falls. Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.

• In our experiment, the blocks had different masses, 20 g., 30 g., 44 g., 123 g and 142 g but the time for all five blocks to fall was about the same. It took between 1.5 and 1.8 seconds for them to fall. 
• No, mass does not affect how quickly an object falls. 
• Since the blocks had different masses but took about the same time, I know that mass does not affect how quickly something falls.

EXAMPLE

•Evidence: The presence of the shared

Pax-1 gene, responsible for the
development of vertebrae, in both lizards
and snakes indicates a common
evolutionary origin between these
retiles.

•Reasoning: Since they both use the

same gene. Pax-1 gene, it suggests they
come from the same family tree. This
supports the idea that lizards and snakes
have a shared family history in evolution.

Multiple Choice

Reasoning is __________________.

• A statement of conclusion that answers the original question/problem
• Scientific data that supports the claim
• A justification that connects the evidence to the claim
• Empirical Evidence

Multiple Choice

"Sleepy students are more likely to be tardy, absent, inattentive in the morning and less able to learn" is an example of:

• Claim
• Reasoning
• Evidence
• None of these

Multiple Choice

Air is matter. We found that the weight of the ball increases by .5lbs each time we pumped more air into it. This shows that air has weight, one of the characteristics of matter.
Which sentence is the reasoning?

• Air is matter.
• We found that the weight of the ball increases by .5lbs each time we pumped more air into it
• This shows that air has weight, one of the characteristics of matter.

What should you have in your notebook?
1. State your claim (2 questions)

2. Evidence (3-4 pieces based on your claim)

You should have chosen one of the following an RESEARCHED 3-4 pieces of evidence that supports the claim you chose.

-Claim 1: Snakes evolved after lizards
-Claim 2: Crocodiles evolved before birds

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Lesson complete