MLA Works Cited

​This must be completed before submitting your final draft of your essay.

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MLA 9.0 Works Cited

Works Cited Page

Guidelines

The MLA 9th edition introduced updates to simplify citations and include more source types. A Works Cited page is vital in any project using MLA style as it lists the sources cited, enabling readers to access them. Follow these rules for a proper MLA 9 Works Cited page.

Page format

• Begin the Works Cited page on a new page, separate from the main body of your paper.

• Title the page "Works Cited" (without quotation marks), centered at the top of the page.

• Use the same font and size as the main text (usually 12-point Times New Roman).

• Apply double-spacing throughout the page, with no extra spacing between entries.

• Use a hanging indent for each citation, with the second and subsequent lines of each entry indented by 0.5 inches.

Match

Match the following

• Use a hanging indent for each citation, with the second and subsequent lines of each entry indented by 0.5 inches.

• Apply double-spacing throughout the page, with no extra spacing between entries.

• Begin Works Cited on a new page, away from main text.

• Title the page Works Cited centered at the top of the page

• Use the same font and size as the main text

Indent citations by 0.5 inches

Double-space citations

Separate page source list

Name Works Cited at top of page

Use same font as the main text

• Indent citations by 0.5 inches

• Double-space citations

• Separate page source list

• Name Works Cited at top of page

• Use same font as the main text

Alphabetical order:

• Arrange the entries alphabetically by the author's last name. If there is no author, use the title of the work.

• Ignore articles (a, an, the) when alphabetizing by title.

Core elements and containers:

• MLA 9th edition core elements on a Works Cited page include:

1. Author(s): Full name(s) of author(s) or creator(s), inverted.

2. Title of Source: Article, essay, or chapter title in quotation marks; book, website, or periodical title in italics.

3. Title of Container: The larger work containing the source (e.g., journal, anthology, website), in italics.

4. Other Contributors: Role and name(s) of editors, translators, illustrators, etc., if applicable.

5. Version: Edition or version number, if applicable (e.g., revised edition, director's cut).

6. Number: Volume and/or issue number for journals or multivolume works, or season and episode for TV series.

7. Publisher: Organization responsible for the source's publication or distribution, if distinct from the author.

8. Publication Date: Date of publication, usually in "Day Month Year" format or "Year, Month" if only month is known.

9. Location: Page numbers (pp.), URL, or DOI for online sources; physical location (e.g., museum) for artwork.

Core elements and containers:

• MLA 9 uses a flexible approach to citations by focusing on "core elements" and "containers."

• Core elements include author, title, container (e.g., book, journal, website), version, number, publisher, publication date, and location.

• List the core elements in the order they appear, followed by appropriate punctuation marks.

• Include as many core elements as necessary to help your reader locate the source.

Match

Match the following

• Inverted (last name first).

• In quotation marks.

• The larger work containing the source, such as a journal, anthology, or website, formatted in italics.

• Other Contributors.

• "Day Month Year" format or "Year, Month" if only month is known.

How are full names of author(s) or creator(s) written in MLA style?

How are article, essay, or chapter titles formatted in MLA citations?

What is the "Title of Container" in an MLA citation?

What element in MLA citation indicates other people involved in a work, like editors or translators?

How are publication dates usually formatted in MLA citations?

• How are full names of author(s) or creator(s) written in MLA style?

• How are article, essay, or chapter titles formatted in MLA citations?

• What is the "Title of Container" in an MLA citation?

• What element in MLA citation indicates other people involved in a work, like editors or translators?

• How are publication dates usually formatted in MLA citations?

Match

Match the following

• In italics.

• By stating the edition or version number, if applicable.

• Number.

• he organization responsible for the source's publication or distribution, if distinct from the author.

• For online sources, page numbers (pp.), URL, or DOI; for artwork, the physical location (e.g., museum).

How are book, website, or periodical titles formatted in MLA citations?

How is the version or edition of a source indicated in an MLA citation?

What element in MLA citation denotes the volume and/or issue number for journals or multivolume work

What is the role of the Publisher in an MLA citation?

How is the location of a source indicated in an MLA citation for online sources or artwork?

• How are book, website, or periodical titles formatted in MLA citations?

• How is the version or edition of a source indicated in an MLA citation?

• What element in MLA citation denotes the volume and/or issue number for journals or multivolume work

• What is the role of the Publisher in an MLA citation?

• How is the location of a source indicated in an MLA citation for online sources or artwork?

Author names:

• List the author's last name first, followed by a comma and their first name. Include middle names or initials if provided.

• If there are two authors, use "and" to separate their names. For three or more authors, list the first author followed by "et al."

Multiple Choice

In an MLA citation, how should you list the authors of a source?

• List the first name followed by the last name, separated by a comma.

• List the last name followed by the first name, separated by a comma. Use "and" to separate two authors' names; for three or more authors, list the first author followed by "et al."

• List the last name followed by the first name, separated by a semicolon. Use "and" to separate two authors' names; for three or more authors, list the first author followed by "et al."

• List the first name followed by the last name, separated by a space. Use "&" to separate two authors' names; for three or more authors, list the first author followed by "et al."

Titles:

• Italicize titles of larger works (books, journals, websites, etc.) and enclose titles of smaller works (articles, chapters, etc.) in quotation marks.

• Capitalize the first word and all other major words in the titles, as well as any subtitles.

Multiple Choice

How should you format titles of larger and smaller works in an MLA citation?

• Italicize titles of larger works and enclose titles of smaller works in parentheses; capitalize the first word and all major words in the titles and subtitles.

• Italicize titles of larger works and enclose titles of smaller works in quotation marks; capitalize the first word and all major words in the titles and subtitles.

• Enclose titles of larger works in parentheses and italicize titles of smaller works; capitalize only the first word in the titles and subtitles.

• Enclose titles of larger works in quotation marks and italicize titles of smaller works; capitalize only the first word in the titles and subtitles.

Punctuation:

• Use periods to separate elements within each entry, but use commas to separate specific information within those elements (e.g., multiple authors or page ranges).

Multiple Choice

In an MLA citation, how should you use periods and commas to separate elements and specific information within those elements?

• Use periods to separate specific information within elements and commas to separate elements within each entry.

• Use commas to separate specific information within elements and periods to separate elements within each entry.

• Use semicolons to separate specific information within elements and commas to separate elements within each entry.

• Use colons to separate specific information within elements and periods to separate elements within each entry.

Location:

• In MLA 9th edition, the "Location" element of a Works Cited entry refers to where the reader can find the cited source. The format of the location information varies depending on the type of source:

Location: Print Sources

• For print sources, such as books or articles, the location is typically given as page numbers using the abbreviation "pp." for multiple pages (e.g., pp. 45-67) or "p." for a single page (e.g., p. 23).

Location: Online Sources

• For online sources, such as webpages or online articles, the location is provided as a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) or a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if available. URLs should be copied without the "http://" or "https://" prefix. DOIs are more stable and preferred when available.

Multiple Choice

In an MLA 9th edition Works Cited entry, how should the location be indicated for print sources like books or articles?

• Using the full web address (URL) of the source

• Using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the source

• Using page numbers with "pp." for multiple pages or "p." for a single page

• Using the physical location of the source, like a museum or gallery

Multiple Choice

In an MLA 9th edition Works Cited entry, what is the preferred way to indicate the location for online sources like webpages or online articles?

• Using the full web address (URL) with the "http://" or "https://" prefix

• Using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the source, if available

• Using page numbers with "pp." for multiple pages or "p." for a single page

• Using the physical location of the source, like a museum or gallery

Book with one author:

• Format: Author's Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Version, Publisher, Publication Date.

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Example: Orwell, George. 1984. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1949.

Book with two authors:

• Format: First Author's Last Name, First Name, and Second Author's First Name and Last Name. Title of Book. Version, Publisher, Publication Date.

  .

Example: Strunk, William, Jr., and E.B. White. The Elements of Style. 4th ed., Pearson, 2000.

Book with three or more authors:

• Format: First Author's Last Name, First Name, et al. Title of Book. Version, Publisher, Publication Date.

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Example: Brown, Dan, et al. The Art of Writing: A Collaborative Approach. 2nd ed., River Publishers, 2018.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a correctly formatted MLA 9 Works Cited entry for a book with one author?

• J.K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Bloomsbury, 1997.

• Rowling, J.K. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. Bloomsbury, 1997.

• Rowling, J.K. - Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone - Bloomsbury, 1997.

• Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, J.K. Rowling, Bloomsbury Publishing, 1997.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a correctly formatted MLA 9 Works Cited entry for a book with two authors?

• Watson, John, and Jane Smith. The Science of Everyday Life. 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, 2020.

• Watson, John & Smith, Jane. The Science of Everyday Life. Oxford University Press, 2020, 3rd ed.

• ohn Watson and Jane Smith. The Science of Everyday Life. 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2020.

• Watson, J., Smith, J. The Science of Everyday Life, 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, 2020.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a correctly formatted MLA 9 Works Cited entry for a book with three or more authors?

• Johnson, Mike, et al. Exploring the Cosmos: A Journey Through Space. 2nd ed., Stellar Publishing, 2021.

• Johnson, Mike, et al. Exploring the Cosmos: A Journey Through Space. 2nd ed., Stellar Publishing, 2021.

• Mike Johnson, Sarah Adams, David Brown, et al. Exploring the Cosmos: A Journey Through Space. 2nd Edition, Stellar Publishing, 2021.

• Mike Johnson, Sarah Adams, David Brown, et al. Exploring the Cosmos: A Journey Through Space. 2nd Edition, Stellar Publishing, 2021.

An e-book

• The author's last name and first name

• The title of the book

• The edition, if any

• The publisher

• The year of publication

• The type of e-book (e.g., Kindle ed., Nook ed., EPUB ed., or PDF ed.)

• Date accesed

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Example:

Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. Kindle ed., Scholastic, 2008. Accessed 25 Mar. 2023.

​To cite an e-book in MLA 9, you will need to provide the following information:

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a correct MLA 9 citation for an ebook?

• Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. Kindle ed., Scholastic, 2008. Accessed 25 Mar. 2023.

• Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic, 2008. Kindle ed.

• Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic, 2008. Accessed 25 Mar. 2023.

• Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. Kindle ed., Scholastic, 2008.

• Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic, 2008.

A Movie

• The title of the movie

• The director(s)

• The production company

• The year of release

• The medium (DVD, Blu-ray, streaming service, etc.)

If you are citing a movie that you watched online, you will also need to include the website address.

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Example:

The Shawshank Redemption. Directed by Frank Darabont, performances by Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman, Columbia Pictures, 1994. DVD.

An Online Movie from Streaming a Service

• Title of the movie. Name of any other contributors (such as performers), Version (if applicable), Number (if applicable), Publisher, Publication date, URL.

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For example:

The Irishman. Directed by Martin Scorsese, performances by Robert De Niro and Al Pacino, Netflix, 2019.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct MLA 9 citation for the movie, watched on a DVD, "The Shawshank Redemption"?

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Frank Darabont and Niki Marvin, Columbia Pictures, 1994. DVD

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Frank Darabont and Niki Marvin, Columbia Pictures, 1994. Netflix.

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Columbia Pictures, 1994.

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, 1994.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct MLA 9 citation for the movie "The Shawshank Redemption" that you watched on Netflix?

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Frank Darabont and Niki Marvin, Columbia Pictures, 1994. Netflix.

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, 1994. Netflix.

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Columbia Pictures, 1994.

• The Shawshank Redemption. Frank Darabont, Netflix, 1994.

An Online YouTube Video

• Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content) OR the name of the company OR the username. “Title of the Video.” YouTube, uploaded by First name Last name OR username, Day Month Year of publication, URL.

  .

  Here’s an example:

  Smith, John. “How to Make a Paper Airplane.” YouTube, uploaded by Paper Planes, 15 May 2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zV_NLH0Gp0.

Multiple Choice

What is the correct structure to cite a YouTube video in MLA 9?

• Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content) OR the name of the company OR the username. “Title of the Video.” YouTube, uploaded by First name Last name OR username, Day Month Year of publication, URL.

• Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content) OR the name of the company OR the username. “Title of the Video.” YouTube, uploaded by First name Last name OR username, Day Month Year of publication.

• “Title of the Video.” YouTube, uploaded by First name Last name OR username, Day Month Year of publication.

• Last name, First name (of the individual who posted the content). “Title of the Video.” YouTube, Day Month Year of publication.

Website with one author

• Author’s name

• Page or article title in quotations

• Website name

• Publication date

• URL if available

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Here is an example of how to cite a website with one author in MLA 9 format:

Doe, John. “How to Cite a Website in MLA.” EasyBib, 1 June 2022, www.easybib.com/guides/citation-guides/mla-format/how-to-cite-a-website-mla/.

Website with two authors

• Author’s names

• Page or article title in quotations

• Website name

• Publication date

• URL if available

.

Here is an example of how to cite a website with two authors in MLA 9 format:

Doe, John, and Jane Smith. “How to Cite a Website in MLA.” EasyBib, 1 June 2022, www.easybib.com/guides/citation-guides/mla-format/how-to-cite-a-website-mla/.

Webpage vs Website

In MLA 9, the distinction between a webpage and a website is important when creating citations for a Works Cited page. Here's an explanation of the differences:

• Webpage: A webpage is an individual document or page within a website. It typically focuses on a specific topic or piece of content. When citing a webpage in MLA 9, you should include the author (if available), the title of the webpage, the name of the website (as the container), the publisher or sponsor of the website, the publication date, and the URL or DOI.

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Example: Doe, John. "The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture." Climate Science Today, Climate Science Institute, 15 Aug. 2020, www.example.com/climate-change-agriculture.

Webpage vs Website

• Website: A website is a collection of webpages under a single domain, often created by an organization, individual, or company. When citing an entire website in MLA 9, you generally only include the name of the website, the publisher or sponsor of the website, and the URL. You don't need to include a publication date unless it's specifically listed on the website.

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Example: Climate Science Institute. Climate Science Today, www.example.com.

Webpage vs Website

It's important to note that, in general, you should try to cite specific webpages rather than entire websites, as it helps guide your reader to the exact information you used in your research.

Multiple Choice

In an MLA 9 Works Cited entry, what is the primary difference between citing a webpage and citing a website?

• Webpage citations include the author's name, while website citations do not.

• Website citations include the publication date, while webpage citations do not.

• Webpage citations include the title of the webpage, while website citations do not.

• Website citations include the title of the webpage, while webpage citations do not.

Multiple Choice

n an MLA 9 citation, what should you include when citing a specific webpage?

• Author, title of the webpage, name of the website, publisher or sponsor, publication date, and URL or DOI.

• Author, title of the website, name of the webpage, publisher or sponsor, publication date, and URL or DOI.

• Title of the website, name of the webpage, publisher or sponsor, publication date, and URL or DOI.

• Title of the webpage, name of the website, publisher or sponsor, and URL or DOI.

Multiple Choice

When should you cite an entire website instead of a specific webpage in MLA 9?

• When the website has a single author.

• When the specific webpage has no title.

• When the website has no publication date.

• It is generally recommended to cite specific webpages rather than entire websites.

Website with no author or date

• Page or article title in quotations

• Website name in italics

• Date of access

• URL

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Here is an example of how to cite a website with no author or date in MLA 9 format:

“Title of Webpage.” Website Name, n.d., URL. Accessed Day Month Year.

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If you cannot find a date of access, you can use the abbreviation “n.p.” for “no publisher” and “n.d.” for “no date” instead

Blog post

• Author’s name

• Title of the blog post in quotation marks

• Title of the blog in italics

• Publisher or sponsor of the blog

• Date of publication

• URL

Here is an example of how to cite a blog post in MLA 9 format:

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Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Blog Post.” Title of Blog, Publisher or Sponsor of Blog, Date of Publication, URL. Accessed Day Month Year.

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If you cannot find some of this information, you can use “n.p.” for “no publisher” and “n.d.” for “no date” instead.

Multiple Choice

What information do you need to include when citing a website with one author in MLA 9?

• Author’s name, title of the website, date of publication, URL

• Author’s name, title of the webpage, date of access, URL

• Author’s name, title of the webpage, date of publication, URL

Multiple Choice

What information do you need to include when citing a website with two or more authors in MLA 9?

• First author’s name, title of the webpage, date of publication, URL

• First author’s name, second author’s name, title of the webpage, date of publication, URL

• First author’s name, second author’s name, title of the webpage, date of access, URL

Multiple Choice

What information do you need to include when citing a website with no author or date in MLA 9?

• Title of the webpage in quotation marks, title of the website in italics, publisher or sponsor of the website

• Title of the webpage in quotation marks, title of the website in italics, publisher or sponsor of the website, date of access

• Title of the webpage in quotation marks, title of the website in italics

Multiple Choice

What information do you need to include when citing a blog post in MLA 9?

• Author’s name, title of the blog post in quotation marks, title of the blog in italics

• Author’s name, title of the blog post in quotation marks, title of the blog in italics, publisher or sponsor of the blog

• Author’s name,title of the blog post in quotation marks,title of the blog in italics, publisher or sponsor of the blog, date of publication

Overwhelmed?

Purdue OWL is a free online writing lab that provides resources for writing, research, and citation. It offers citation generators for different citation styles such as MLA, APA, and Chicago. You can use these citation generators to create citations for your sources.

Overwhelmed?

There are many citation generator websites available on the internet, both free and paid. Here are some reliable citation generator websites that you can use:

--Opendemia: More than just a citation generator, Opendemia allows students to create Works Cited pages and in-text citations, take and store notes on those sources, then easily retrieve those notes and copy the formatted citations directly into their papers.

--Citation Machine: Citation Machine is a free citation generator that automatically produces MLA, APA, Chicago, and Turabian style citations.

--Easybib: Easybib is a free citation generator that automatically produces MLA, APA, and Chicago style citations.

--Cite This For Me: Cite This For Me is a free citation generator that automatically produces MLA, APA, and Harvard style citations.

-BibMe: BibMe is a free citation generator that automatically produces MLA, APA, and Chicago style citations.