10.1 Cells and Life

Poll

True or False: Cells are made mostly of water

• True

• False

• Robert Hooke

• Matthias Schleiden

• Theodor Schwann

• Rudolph Virchow

How did scientists' understanding of cells develop?

Understanding Cells

Multiple Choice

Which scientist invented the microscope and named the cell?

• Virchow

• Hooke

• Schwann

• Schleiden

Cell Theory

1. all living things are made of one or more cells

2. the cell is the basic unit of life

3. all new cells come from preexisting cells

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is FALSE based on the cell theory?

• an organism is made of at least one cell

• a cells are made from non-living things

• cells are the basic unit of life

• cells make more cells

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Water

What are cells made of?

Water makes up over 70% of a cell's volume and is essential for life.

​​Why is water so special?

​Water surrounds cells and helps keep a stable temperature within your body (i.e. it maintains homeostasis!)

Insulation

Water is an ideal solvent (something that dissolves other substances). It helps substances travel in and out of the cell.

Solvent

A water molecule has a unique structure with both positive and negative areas. Since it has both, it can attract both positive and negative substances.

​​BUT HOW?

Multiple Choice

True/False: Water in organisms only exist within the cell.

• True

• False

• Makro = Greek prefix meaning large or long

• Macromolecules are all long chains made up of smaller molecules

​

MACROmolecules

​Macromolecule	​Building Block
​Protein	​Amino acids
​Nucleic acids	​Nucleotides
​Carbohydrates	​Sugars
​Lipids	​Fatty Acids

​Macromolecules

​All cells are made of substances that enable them to function.

Each type of macromolecule has a unique function of the cell

Macromolecule	​Function
​Protein	​communication, transport, structural support, etc.
​Nucleic Acids	​genetic information, protein synthesis
​Carbohydrates	​energy storage, structural support, communication
​Lipids	​energy storage, protective membranes, communication

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does not function for structural support?

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

• lipids

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates

• energy storage

• structural support

• communication

• storage of genetic information

Multiple Choice

True or False: Cells are made mostly of water

• True

• False