Political Philosophy Test Review

Multiple Choice

What is the belief that a monarch's power was given to them by the authority of God?

• Social Contract Theory

• Natural Law

• Divine Right

• Unalienable Rights

Multiple Choice

What is the policy of restricting the power of government officials in order to ensure the freedoms of the people?

• Limited Government

• Divine Right

• Constitution

• Natural Law

Multiple Choice

What is a document outlining the fundamental principles and structures of a government?

• Natural Law

• Unalienable Rights

• Constitution

• Declaration of Independence

Multiple Choice

The Founding Fathers considered that the idea of natural law should be —

• similar to the divine right of kings

• naturally easy for all of society to agree upon

• made in accordance with long-held traditions

• based on justice and transcend man-made law

Multiple Choice

What are standards of justice which transcend laws made by humans, and "universally accepted wrongs"?

• Federalism

• Constitution

• Natural Laws

• Unalienable Rights

Multiple Choice

The Declaration of Independence lists “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness” as —

• State's Rights

• Legislatives Duties

• Unalienable Rights

• Governmental Powers

Multiple Choice

Thomas Jefferson wrote the ______ ____, which are inherent or natural rights possessed by all as a birthright of humanity.

• Natural Rights

• Unalienable Rights

• Natural Law

• Limited Government

Multiple Choice

Unalienable Rights are written into which document, written by Thomas Jefferson?

• Constitution

• Declaration of Independence

• Bill of Rights

• Social Contract

Fill in the Blank

Unalienable Rights are most commonly remembered as, "______, _____, and the pursuit of _____."

Multiple Choice

Which book was written by Thomas Hobbes that included his thoughts on social contracts?

• The Spirit of the Law

• Second Treatise on Government

• Leviathan

• Commentaries on the Laws of England

Multiple Choice

Who thought of human life as solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short, which led to the creation of the Social Contract Theory?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

• William Blackstone

Multiple Choice

Which political idea is based on the belief that citizens must be willing to give up some freedoms in exchange for the protection of rights?

• Divine Right

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract Theory

• Rule by the Majority

Multiple Choice

Thomas Jefferson was inspired by ______ ________ , who believed people can do as they want, as long as they do not bother anyone else's, "life, health, liberty, or possessions."

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• William Blackstone

• Montesquieu

Multiple Choice

Authority is derived from the _________ ____ ____ ________, and people have the right to alter or abolish government when it fails to fulfill its purpose. (4 words)

• Spirit of the Law

• Consent of the Governed

• Second Treatise on Government

Fill in the Blank

Montesquieu provided significant contributions to our modern day government system, including: __________ and __________.

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Multiple Choice

What is the philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people?

• Divine Right

• Natural Rights

• Republicanism

• Federalism

Multiple Choice

Which major political tradition argues that a legitimate government is based on the consent of the governed?

• Federalism

• Common Law

• Natural Rights

• Republicanism

Multiple Choice

What is the distribution of power between a federal government and the states within a union?

• Natural Rights

• Federalism

• Constitution

• Limited Government

Multiple Select

Select all that apply: During the Constitutional Convention, the Virginia Plan called for:

• Strong national legislature with two chambers

• Number of legislators would be based on state population

• Legislature would bar any state laws that were seen as unconstitutional

• Wanted sovereign states

• Argued one vote per state

Multiple Select

During the Constitutional Convention, the New Jersey Plan stated:

One vote per state, so states would be equal in power

• One vote per state, so states would be equal in power

• Creation of the Electoral College system and four-year terms

• Wanted sovereign states

• Congress can impose taxes and regulate trade

Multiple Choice

Opponents of the New Jersey Plan argued that the plan favored —

• slaveholding states

• less populous states

• a split bicameral legislature

• a strong central government

Multiple Choice

 

What resolution came about in response to the debate over legislative representation?

• The Virginia Plan

• The New Jersey Plan

• The Great Compromise

• The Article of Confederation

Multiple Choice

To create balance between the Virginia and New Jersey plan, the Connecticut Compromise allowed delegates to agree on ONE of the following:

• Sovereign states

• A bicameral legislature including the House of Representatives and the Senate

• Two separate chambers, a lower and upper

• Weak executive branch

Multiple Choice

The compromise that created popular representation in the House of Representatives created a debate about —

• voting rights for women

• counting enslaved people

• protection of individual rights

• citizenship for American Indians

Multiple Choice

What was the primary debate that led to the three-fifths compromise?

• Bicameral Legislature

• Representatives per state

• How to count enslaved persons for taxes and representation

• Presidential terms

Multiple Choice

In his service at the Constitutional Convention, Alexander Hamilton argued that the Founders should establish a government characterized by —

• a powerful aristocracy

• a growing merchant class

• a strong central authority

• a loose confederation of states

Multiple Choice

Which of the following Founding Fathers is remembered as both a strong supporter of central government as well as the principal author of the U.S. Constitution?

• John Adams

• Thomas Jefferson

• James Madison

• George Mason