Blood Flow and Immune System

Blood Flow and Immune System

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Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system

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Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and antibiotics

Multiple Choice

Blood pressure is a force that moves blood within the vessels of the cardiovascular systems. What is the major cause of blood pressure?

• amount of cholesterol in the blood

• stress that movement and exercise puts on heart muscle

• contraction of the ventricles in the heart

• removal of oxygen and nutrients from the blood

Multiple Choice

While attending a community health fair, Susan finds out that she has borderline hypertension, or high blood pressure. What lifestyle changes would help to lower blood pressure without taking prescription medications?

• Adding more fried foods to the diet will provide the essential fats that the body needs for vessel elasticity.

• Drinking less water and other fluids will increase the blood viscosity or thickness so that the heart works less.

• Moderate exercise and relaxation techniques will reduce emotional stress that can be a factor in hypertension.

• The person should stop their training for a half marathon since demanding exercise elevates the heart rate.

Cardiovascular System

Blood full of oxygen flows from the heart through

• arteries of decreasing size

• capillaries deliver oxygen to cells

• veins return oxygen-poor blood to the heart and lungs

Multiple Choice

What is blood flow?

• The amount of oxygen in the blood

• Volume of blood in the cardiovascular system at any given moment

• Volume of blood flowing through blood vessels

Multiple Choice

What is resistance?

• Anything that encourages more flow.

• Everything that resist.

• Anything that blocks flow.

Multiple Choice

What is viscosity?

• The amount of oxygen in the blood

• The amount of water in the blood

• Thickness of the blood

Multiple Choice

What is vasoconstriction

• When blood vessels increase in length

• When blood vessels increase in size

• When blood vessels decrease in length

• When blood vessels decrease in size

Multiple Choice

What is vasodilation?

• When blood vessels increase in length

• When blood vessels increase in size

• When blood vessels decrease in length

• When blood vessels decrease in size

Multiple Choice

As blood pressure increases blood flow will....

• increases

• decreases

Multiple Choice

As blood resistance increases, blood flow....

• increases

• decreases

Multiple Choice

The table below shows the average blood cholesterol levels in two patients along with the average range of cholesterol levels. Using your knowledge of the cardiovascular system and the above data, which inference can most likely be made about the cardiovascular systems of Patients A and B?

• Patient A has the greater chance of having collections of arterial plaque, a risk factor for high blood pressure.

• Patient B has the greater chance of having collections of arterial plaque, a risk factor for high blood pressure.

• . Patient A should hydrate with water to increase blood

  volume so that total cholesterol rises to the average range.

• Patient B should increase salt intake to decrease blood

  volume to that total cholesterol drops to the average range.

Multiple Choice

Cigarette smoking has many negative effects on the body including immediate changes in the cardiovascular system. Since smoking constricts or narrows blood vessels and elevates the heart rate, what effect would be linked to these differences in a smoker’s circulation?

• A decrease in vessel diameter would reduce circulating blood volume, limiting oxygen to the affected cells and altering their metabolism.

• Smaller blood vessels, or capillaries, would be less affected by the pressure exerted by the heart, increasing the pressure on larger blood vessels.

• The brain would make homeostatic adjustments to the changes in heart rate, storing extra fat needed by the heart for its extra work.

• The time needed for blood circulation would change, so blood would tend to collect in areas such as the hands and feet.

Multiple Choice

Blood flow through the human body moves at a rate which changes in response to many factors. Which statement describes one of these factors and its effect on blood flow?

• High blood viscosity causes an increased resistance in the blood vessels and leads to slower blood flow.

• A pharmaceutical drug that reduces diameter of arteries increases blood pressure, which doubles blood flow rates.

• Excess cholesterol and fat cause red blood cell attachment to the vessel walls, thinning the blood for faster blood flow.

• A diet high in salt decreases blood pressure and relaxes blood vessels, which helps to drop the blood flow rate.

Multiple Choice

These are examples of Pathogens except

• virus

• Bacteria

• White Blood Cell

• Worms

Multiple Choice

What is the body's first line of defense?

• Skin, Mucus membrane, tears

• Antibodies

• Antigens

• White Blood Cells

Multiple Choice

What is the body's second line of defense?

• Skin

• Hair

• Inflammatory Response

• Tears