Energy flow in the Ecosystem

Open Ended

What do you believe is the main benefit derived from the interaction that organisms have in the different relationship that we covered?

To Feed ​

Open Ended

Why do living things feed?

Energy flow in the Ecosystem

Living things feed

1. To get Energy which is required for survival

2. To get nutrient which are responsible for growth and development

​Objectives :

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1. Define the different classes of organisms in an ecosystem

2. Discuss how energy flows through an ecosystem 

3. Differentiate between a food chain and a food web

4. Given different organisms construct a food web 

5. Analyze a food web discussing how removal or addition of organisms affects the flow of energy and subsequently the Ecosystem.

What is the ultimate source of Energy in an Ecosystem ?

The ultimate source of Energy in an ecosystem is from the

SUN​

Open Ended

How does this energy get from the sun to the food that living things eat?

Photosynthesis

• Energy is trapped by plants in the process of Photosynthesis

• The process use this energy in addition to water from the soil and Carbon Dioxide from the air to make a Sugar called glucose

• This sugar can be stored in fruits or in roots as starch

• Oxygen is given off in the process

Multiple Choice

Since plants can use sunlight to create its own food it is known as a:

• Producer

• Heterotroph

• Consumer

• Decomposer

• Plants are called producers since they are the only organisms that can produce food from the sun

• Another name for prouducers are AUTOTROPH

• Plants can trap energy because they contain a green pigment called Chlorophyll

Multiple Choice

Organisms that cannot make their own food and must get energy from eating other organisms are called...

• autotrophs

• heterotrophs

• plants

Heterotroph

• Organisms that cannot make their own food are called Heterotroph

• Heterotrophs are also called consumers

• There are four classes of Heterotroph

• Herbivore ,Omnivore ,Carnivore, decomposers

• Herbivores are animals that eat only plants

• Carnivores are organisms which eat only meat

• Omnivores are animals which eat both meat and plants

• Decomposers are organisms which break down organic matter in an ecosystem and returns it to the environment

Decomposers

• Breaks down living things in the Environment

• Nutrients are returned as plants and animals are broken down

• Ex. Bacteria , Fungi, ants , flies

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Consumers (Heterotroph) are classified based on their location in the flow of Energy

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• Producer : Plants

• Primary Consumers : Herbivore

• Secondary Consumers : Carnivore or Omnivore

• Tertiary Consumer (Apex predators ) : Carnivore or omnivore

Multiple Choice

A snake that eats a mouse which feeds primarily on seeds is an example of a

• tertiary consumers

• primary consumer

• secondary consumer

• producer

Multiple Choice

A rat that eats seeds ins an example of a _________.

• primary consumer

• producer

• secondary consumer

• tertiary consumers

Multiple Choice

An owl who eats snakes is a _________.

• tertiary consumers

• primary consumer

• producer

• secondary consumer

Open Ended

How is the flow of energy in an ecosystem represented in Ecology?

• The set of organisms that pass energy from one trophic level to the next is illustrated in a Food Chain

• The arrow indicate the direction in which the energy is flowing

Draw

Create a food chain with the following organisms

grasshopper, snake , grass, sparrow

Do you believe a food chain accurately depict how energy flows through an ecosystem? Why or Why not?

Open Ended

What is a more accurate way to depict the passage of energy in an ecosystem?

Food Web

• A food web is a more accurate way to depict the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next

• A food web shows the biodiversity of living things that exist in an ecosystem

• All the organisms in an ecosystem are eventually broken down by decomposers

Open Ended

The mouse rabbit and grasshopper has only one food source . Which other organism has only one food source ?

Open Ended

Which organisms would be affected the most if all the grasshopper were gone?

Open Ended

What group of organisms is missing from the food web?

Open Ended

What is Biodiversity ? Why is it very important in an Ecosystem?

• Each level in a food chain where organism receive and use Energy is called a Trophic or energy level

• The Higher up one goes in each level there is less energy available

• Trophic levels are usually represented in Energy Pyramid

Which level would have the most organisms and why?

Energy Pyramid

• Each successive level has 10% less energy than the previous level

• Some of the energy is released as heat in the previous level before it is passed on

• Producers would have the most energy

• Tertiary consumers would have the least

Open Ended

Which level would have the least number of organisms and Why?

Multiple Choice

Which organism in figure 1 contains the most available energy?

• plants

• mountain lions

• hawks

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

If only 10% of an organism's energy is available for the next trophic level, what happens with the other 90% of the energy?

• It is destroyed after it is used up.

• It is used for life processes or lost as body heat.

• It remains for the next trophic level IF the predator consumes ALL of the organism.

• It is lost completely as body heat.

Multiple Choice

True or False. In this energy pyramid, the consumers on each level only get about 10 percent of energy that the trophic level before it has stored.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?

• 10 Kcal

• 1 Kcal

• 100 Kcal

• 1000 Kcal

Multiple Choice

What would happen if the primary consumers died out?

• the producers would grow and the secondary and tertiary consumers would die

• producers would die out

• consumers would grow

What is the benefit of having great biodiversity in an ecosystem?

Multiple Choice

The diagram below is an example of _______________

• Food Web

• Food Chain

• Food Pyramid

• Food Buffet

Multiple Choice

This graphic diagrams a _______________________.

• Food Web

• Food Chain

• Food Pyramid

• Food Buffet

Multiple Choice

The largest part of an ecosystem is always the ________________.

• Primary Consumers

• Primary Producers

• Quarternary Consumers

• Secondary Consumers

Multiple Choice

Where does the energy start in this food chain?

• Plant

• Sun

• Deer

• Wolf

Multiple Choice

Based on the image, which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?

• Owl

• Grasshopper

• Lilypad

• Mouse

Multiple Choice

Based on the image, which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?

• Owl

• Grasshopper

• Lilypad

• Mouse