RL.9-10.6 RI.9-10.6

Analyze a particular POINT OF VIEW or CULTURAL EXPERIENCE reflected in a work of literature.

RL.9-10.6 (Literary Texts)

Works of literature from different CULTURES reflect different CULTURAL EXPERIENCES or CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES.

• CULTURE: a way of life shared by people living in a particular society

• CULTURAL EXPERIENCE: customs, beliefs, & expectations of a society

  • An author's CULTURAL EXPERIENCE can determine how the characters in a story act, what their motivations are, & how they respond to conflicts. 

• CULTURAL POINT OF VIEW: a way of seeing the world that is influenced by a particular culture (aka cultural perspective)

  • Stories often reflect the CULTURAL POV of the society from which they arise. To analyze the CULTURAL POV, readers need to ask themselves:

    • What VALUES or BELIEFS motivate the character's behavior?

    • What CUSTOMS & EXPECTATIONS in the character's world are different from those in my world?

Apply this standard while you read.

I can analyze the cultural perspective of a work of literature.

Analyzing Point of View in World Literture

RL.9-10.6

Author's Perspective: the author's beliefs, attitudes, & experiences relating to a subject

• AKA Author's Point of View

Multiple Choice

Author's perspective is also known as ____________

• what the author thinks

• the author's point of view

• what the author tells everyone

• the author knows everything

Multiple Choice

As I grazed in the field, I realized that there were not any other animals around. I had a weird feeling that something was wrong. The other animals that are usually making noises are all silent. I see a shadow up in a tree. I think that is is unsafe here, so I am going to run away.

From what point of view is the passage written?

• First person

• Second person

• Third person

Multiple Choice

What is the advantage to first person point of view?

• You learn the thoughts and feeling about muliple characters.

• You learn about the narrator deeply because we get an insight into their perspective.

• There isn't an advantage. We don't get any new information.

Multiple Select

Authors can present multiple perspectives that can include the following:

(check all that apply)

• global

• artistic

• historical

• cultural

Multiple Select

A cultural perspective can be based on _____________

(Check all that apply)

• nationality

• boredom

• language

• religion

Multiple Choice

Authors can convey their own cultural perspective as well as the cultural perspectives of others.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

As I grazed in the field, I realized that there were not any other animals around. I had a weird feeling that something was wrong. The other animals that are usually making noises are all silent. The rustling from my hooves are the only sound. I see a shadow up in a tree. I feel afraid and uneasy. I think that is is unsafe here, so I am going to run away.

From what/whose perspective is the passage written?

• A hunter

• An animal looking for friends

• An animal being hunted

Multiple Choice

Dolphins have suffered from the carelessness of humans.  Many dolphins are killed each year in fishing nets. Oil has been spilled into ocean water, polluting the dolphins' environment.

What is the author's perspective?

• Thea author's favorite animal is a dolphin
• The author thinks that humans harm dolphins
• The author thinks that dolphins are dangerous
• The author thinks that humans are helping dolphins.

Multiple Choice

I wonder who invented paper plates?  He was a clever guy!  Imagine having to lug heavy plates to a picnic, and then have to carry them home again.

What is the author's perspective?

• The author thinks that disposable products are harming the environment. 
• The author thinks that disposable products are wonderful.

Multiple Choice

The deer population has grown tremendously in recent years.  Each year at hunting season, hunters are able to help control the deer population and prevent many deer from starving.

What is the author's perspective?

• The author favors deer hunting
• The author thinks that deer are harmful to the environment
• The author does not favor deer hunting
• The author loves deer

Multiple Choice

Many cities have aquariums that have adopted orphaned dolphins found in the ocean. Many of these dolphins were wounded and would not have survived alone. Because of the kindness of humans these animals are alive today.

What is the author's perspective?

• The author thinks that people are harmful to dolphins
• The author thinks that humans are helping dolphins 
• The author loves dolphins
• The author is not a fan of dolphins

Multiple Choice

Deer are beautiful creatures. They are so graceful to watch as they run through the forest.  It's hard to understand how anyone could do anything to harm these beautiful animals.

What is the author's perspective?

• The author favors deer hunting
• The author thinks there are too many deer
• The author does not favor deer hunting
• The author thinks deer harm the environment

Multiple Choice

Landfills are overflowing with the garbage created by fast food restaurants and individuals too lazy to wash their dishes.  The earth is becoming polluted.  Wouldn't it be nice if people would go back to eating at home and washing dishes?

Which statement do you think the author would agree with?

• People should not use disposable products
• People should never wash dishes
• People should only use disposable products

Multiple Choice

The fact is, teenagers who are still growing need 9 or 10 hours of uninterrupted sleep a night. Do most children get that much? It's highly unlikely. In the United States alone, an estimated 30% to 40% don't get adequate sleep. Most teenagers try to stay up later than they're allowed—to watch a favorite TV show or chat online. Parents often give in to the teenager's plea, and the cycle begins. The teen goes to sleep progressively later every night, and pretty soon, he or she is sleep deprived.

How does the underlined sentence help to advance the author's point of view?

• A. The statistic makes it clear that most kids in the United States get plenty of sleep.

• B. The statistic gives weight to the author's claim that kids don't get enough sleep.

• C. The statistic is meant to show that sleep deprivation only affects a few people.

• D. The statistic compares kids in the United States to those in other countries.

Determine an author's POINT OF VIEW or PURPOSE in a text an analyze how an author uses RHETORIC to advance that perspective or purpose.

RI.9-10.6 (Informational Text)

Author's Purpose: the author's main reason for writing a text

• DESCRIBE = sensory details

• INFORM/EXPLAIN = facts

• PERSUADE = reasons & examples

Multiple Choice

Excerpt from Seaplanes by Roberto Barerra

² Flying boats have a fuselage, or body, that looks and acts like a ship’s hull. This hull enables them to float on water very easily. Two small floats underneath its wings keep the flying boat stable in rough water. These seaplanes are usually larger and more stable on water than floatplanes are. A floatplane is a seaplane that has two long floats, called pontoons, under the fuselage. This is the only part of the plane that touches the water. Unlike flying boats, floatplanes often come in a wide variety of sizes. An amphibious vehicle can be either a flying boat or a floatplane with wheels. This allows the aircraft to land on both land and water.

Which BEST describes the PURPOSE of paragraph 2?

• to explain how seaplanes are used

• to encourage people to use seaplanes

• to list all of the types of seaplanes

• to describe the different parts of seaplanes

Multiple Choice

Want to stay healthy and help the Earth at the same time? On August 1, Trekkers will release the Ergo-Pack, an ergonomically designed backpack made from 100% recycled material. According to Trekkers' president Tamara Osteen, "At Trekkers, we are all about keeping kids healthy. That is why we are excited to release this one-of-a-kind product that kids will love. The Ergo-Pack will protect them while protecting the Earth.“ Osteen says that the Ergo-Pack was designed to answer an ongoing complaint of many parents—heavy backpacks causing severe back pain in children of all ages. The Ergo-Pack is specially designed to pull the weight off of the child's back by evenly distributing it so excess pressure is not put on the lower back and spine, which can cause pain and injury.

Which of the following statements best describes the PURPOSE of this passage?

• A. It entertains readers with a story about helping the environment.

• B. It informs readers about the process of making the Ergo-Pack.

• C. It persuades readers to learn how to protect their backs.

• D. It advertises a product made by a luggage company to readers.

Multiple Choice

No travel destination can beat China for its fascinating history, from the mysterious dynasties of ancient times to the economic powerhouse it is today. Take a tour with Paradise Travel, and you'll be treated to a feast for the senses in the spectacular cities of Beijing, Shanghai, and others as you cruise the Yangtze River! Come experience for yourself China's fast-paced cities, eye-popping scenery, and polite and friendly people. Book now for supersaver tours that will fit any budget.

What is the author's PURPOSE in writing this passage?

• A. to convince readers to book a tour with Paradise Travel

• B. to inform the audience about the history of China

• C. to entertain readers with travel stories from far-off lands

• D. to instruct readers in what sights they should see in China

Multiple Choice

Gettysburg Address

President Abraham Lincoln Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of it, as a final resting place for those who died here, that the nation might live.

Which of the following best describes the PURPOSE of the speech?

• A. to minimize the severity of the war

• B. to applaud America's accomplishments

• C. to express reverence for the lost soldiers

• D. to argue for the reasons behind the war

RHETORIC: verbal techniques that advance a point of view by creating emphasis and emotional appeal

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between credibility and persuasion?

• Credibility is only important in logical arguments
• Credibility is not important in persuasion
• Credibility is only important in emotional appeals
• Credibility is essential in building trust with the audience

Multiple Choice

Why is credibility important in persuasion?

• It helps build trust with the audience
• It makes the message more logical
• It provides evidence to support the argument
• It appeals to the emotions of the audience

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of using LOGOS in persuasion?

• To establish credibility with the audience
• To provide evidence to support the argument
• To appeal to the emotions of the audience
• To build trust with the audience

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of LOGOS?

• A politician appealing to the emotions of voters
• A detective using a personal story to persuade a suspect
• A parent using their authority to persuade their child
• A salesperson using evidence to support their product

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of using ETHOS in persuasion?

• To appeal to the emotions of the audience
• To build trust with the audience
• To establish credibility with the audience
• To provide evidence to support the argument

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of ETHOS?

• A parent using their authority to persuade their child
• A salesperson using evidence to support their product
• A politician appealing to the emotions of voters
• A detective using a personal story to persuade a suspect

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of LOGOS?

• A doctor using scientific evidence to support a treatment
• A politician appealing to the emotions of voters
• A salesperson using their authority to persuade a customer
• A speaker using personal anecdotes to persuade the audience

Multiple Choice

What is PATHOS?

• The use of storytelling to persuade
• The emotional appeal of the speaker
• The logical consistency of the message
• The credibility and trustworthiness of the speaker

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of using PATHOS in persuasion?

• To provide evidence to support the argument
• To appeal to the emotions of the audience
• To establish credibility with the audience
• To build trust with the audience

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of PATHOS?

• A politician appealing to the emotions of voters
• A salesperson using evidence to support their product
• A parent using their authority to persuade their child
• A detective using a personal story to persuade a suspect

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of PATHOS ?

• A salesperson using their authority to persuade a customer
• A speaker using personal anecdotes to persuade the audience
• A politician appealing to the emotions of voters
• A doctor using scientific evidence to support a treatment

Multiple Choice

persuading through the credibility of the speaker/author - and the sense of right and wrong.

EXAMPLE: As a doctor, I am best qualified to recommend the right treatment.

• ethos

• pathos

• logos

Multiple Choice

persuading by appealing to the audience's emotions

EXAMPLE: Choose our security system because no price is too much to pay for peace of mind. 

• ethos 
• logos
• pathos

Multiple Choice

persuading by using logic and reasoning

EXAMPLE: The data clearly shows that this type of investment yields the highest returns.

• ethos 
• pathos
• logos 

RHETORIC: verbal techniques that advance a point of view by creating emphasis and emotional appeal

Examples of Rhetorical Devices:

• Repetition: repeating key words & phrases to emphasize important ideas

• Parallelism: similar grammatical structures to express related ideas

• Slogans: short, catchy phrases help readers remember author's perspective

• Rhetorical Questions: questions with obvious answers; used for dramatic effect

Multiple Choice

a repeated word or phrase, used for emphasis.

• rhetorical question
• repetition
• simile
• allusion

Multiple Choice

a brief reference to a famous person or event—often from literature, history, Greek mythology, or the Bible.

Example: “He was a real Romeo with the ladies.”

• metaphor
• alliteration
• allusion
• hyperbole

Multiple Choice

comparison without using “like” or “as”

EXAMPLE: He felt lost in a sea of nameless faces.

EXAMPLE: The teacher planted seeds of wisdom.

• simile
• allusion
• metaphor
• rhetorical question

Multiple Choice

 the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence

EXAMPLE: "We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe... "

• repetition
• parallelism
• allusion
• hyperbole

Multiple Choice

the speaker or writer's attitude about a subject

• metaphor
• irony
• tone
• mood

Multiple Choice

comparison using “like” or “as”

EXAMPLE: She was as quiet as a mouse.

• metaphor
• rhetorical question
• simile
• juxtaposition

Multiple Choice

a reference to a well-known work of art, history, etc.

• bias
• ethos
• rhetorical appeals
• allusion

Multiple Choice

Which of the options below is define as a question asked to make a point, not because you really want an answer?

• Meteonomy

• Apostrophe

• Rhetorical question

• Allusion

Multiple Choice

"I came, I saw, I conquered."

Identify the RHETORICAL DEVICE in the excerpt above.

• Anecdote

• Metaphor

• Parallelism

• Metaphor

Multiple Choice

Those guys are looking at you like you're a meal.

Identify the RHETORICAL DEVICE in the excerpt above.

• Simile
• Hyperbole
• Metaphor
• Oxymoron

Multiple Choice

"...you were Romeo. You were throwing pebbles and my daddy said, 'Stay away from Juliet.'"

Identify the RHETORICAL DEVICE in the excerpt above.

• Metaphor

• Allusion

• Personification

• Simile

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the definition of an ANECDOTE?

• a very short story used to give an example

• a comparison between the relationship of two things

• a reference to an old piece of literature or historical event

• placing opposites together in the same sentence or idea

Multiple Choice

Which is the definition of an ANALOGY?

• comparing two things

• exaggerating

• short story for emphasis

• comparing the relationship between two things

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of PARALLEL STRUCTURE?

• "all the world's a stage."
• As big as an elephant.
• "We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne... 
• Can that man call England or any other kingdom his country?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a RHETORICAL QUESTION?

• Can that man call England or any other kingdom his country?

• Do you want to get ice cream with me?

• Sally sells sea shells by the sea shore.

• Can I borrow a pencil?

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of repetition and parallelism?

• to show the similarities between two things

• to create an image

• to emphasize a point

• to give an example

Apply this standard while you read.

• I can determine the author's PURPOSE and POINT OF VIEW.

• I can analyze the author's use of RHETORIC.

Determining Author's Purpose & Point of View

RI.9-10.6

Analyzing Author's Rhetoric

RI.9-10.6