APB Unit 5 - Cell Heredity 3.0 #GoBioRams

APB Unit 5 - Cell Heredity 3.0 - Linkage, Maps, & Chromosomes

Chapter 15

Multiple Choice

What percentage of F₁ population will have a homozygous recessive phenotype if each parent was heterozygous for the fur color? This complete dominant trait has the alleles of F = black fur and f = brown fur.

• 25 % of the offspring will have black fur.

• 25% of the offspring will have brown fur.

• 50% of the offspring will have black fur.

• 50% of the offspring will have brown fur.

Multiple Choice

Is it possible for a woman with type A blood and a man with type B blood to have a child that has type O blood?

• Yes.

• No.

Multiple Choice

If incomplete dominant trait A = almond flavor and a = no flavor and complete dominant trait B = oval and b = round, what is the phenotypic ratio for the F₁ offspring if you have a AABb x aaBB cross?

• 9 almond oval : 3 almond round : 3 no flavor oval : 1 no flavor round

• 12 almond oval : 4 no flavor round

• 8 almond oval : 8 almond round

• 16 almond oval

Multiple Choice

The SRY gene is located on the

• X chromosome.

• Y chromosome.

Open Ended

What causes mosaic colorations in calico cats?

Multiple Choice

Is it possible to have a male calico cat?

• Yes.

• No.

Yes, male calico cats are possible, but they are rare.

http://www.vetstreet.com/dr-marty-becker/can-calico-cats-be-male

Gregor was lucky to have studied peas.

Since most of the characteristics he studied were not linked.

He wasn't looking at linked genes.

https://ib.bioninja.com.au/higher-level/topic-10-genetics-and-evolu/102-inheritance/linked-genes.html

If genes are linked together

how will that impact the resulting genotypes and phenotypes after crossing-over events?

See Fig. 15.11 on page 303.

More resources on gene linkage maps

https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/thomas-hunt-morgan-genetic-recombination-and-gene-496/

https://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/genetic_maps.html - Answer key at the bottom of the link.

https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/how-do-you-map-a-genome

Chi Square

How to determine if your results are scientifically valid.

https://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-statistics/chi-square/

https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/chi-square-test.html

Page 302.

Abnormal Chromosomal Numbers

Nondisjunction events can lead to aneuploidy, monosomy, trisomy, or polyploidy.

Fig. 15.13 on page 305 on.

Alterations in Chromosomal Structure

Deletion

Duplication

Inversion

Translocation

Fig. 15.14 on page 306

Genomic imprinting

Depending on which parent you received the gene determines the phenotype.

Fig. 15.17 on page 308

Extranuclear or Cytoplasmic Genes

Genes not found in the nucleus.

Epigenetics

Environmental impacts on gene expression

So much about us is inherited?

A review

• We discussed gene linkage maps and how to generate them.

• We discussed chi square tests and how to conduct them.

• We discussed non-disjunction events.

• We discussed chromosomal alterations.

• We discussed genomic imprinting.

• We discussed mitochondrial DNA and impacts on inheritance.

A review

• We discussed epigenetics.

• We discussed how much of who we are is inherited vs. caused by the environment.