Kinetic Energy and Temperature

Kinetic Energy and Temperature

Kinetic Energy

• energy possessed by an object in motion

Heat

• thermal energy transferred between two objects

• heat flows from hotter object to colder object

Multiple Choice

The energy associated with motion is called

• kinetic energy

• elastic potential energy

• gravitational potential energy

• nuclear energy

Multiple Choice

Thermal energy is

• the energy of motion

• energy of nuclear processes

• an indication of a physical change

• heat energy

Multiple Choice

Hot objects begin to cool as

• cooler air is transferred to the hot object

• atoms in the object react with the oxygen in the air

• thermal energy in the object is transferred to the surrounding air

• thermal energy in the object cancels out energy in the air

Temperature

• related to the average kinetic energy

• measure of how hot or cold an object is

• increase temperature causes an increase of average kinetic energy

• decrease in average kinetic energy causes a decrease in temperature

Temperature

• measured in Celsius, Fahrenheit or Kelvin

• Celsius: water freezes at 0 $\degree$  C and boils at 100 $\degree$  C

   

• Fahrenheit: water freezes at 32 $\degree$  F and boils at 212 $\degree$  F

• Kelvin: water freezes at 273 K and boils at 373 K

Multiple Choice

At higher temperature

• particles in an object have less kinetic energy

• particles in an object move faster

• a gas contracts

• particles in ab object move slower

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is TRUE when particles GAIN thermal energy?

• particles move more slowly

• particles stop moving

• particles move further apart

• particles move closer together

Multiple Choice

What happens to particle movement/speed when energy is removed?

• particles slow down

• particles go faster

• particles don't move

• particles stay the same speed

Multiple Choice

The temperature of a substance increases as

• the substance expands

• the substance's volume increases

• the substance's mass increases

• the average kinetic energy of its particles increases

Multiple Choice

Particles are always moving

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

If particles of two substances have the same average kinetic energy, then

• the specific heats of the substances are identical

• the particles will not react chemically

• the substances have equal thermal energies

• the substances have equal temperatures

Fill in the Blank

________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material

Multiple Choice

The energy transferred between object's at different temperatures

• heat

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

Open Ended

How does the speed of the particles in a substance relate to the temperature of the substance?

Open Ended

How does kinetic energy relate to the spread of COVID-19?