Chemistry Terms

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Alkali Metal

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One of the elements of group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium)

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Alkaline Earth Metals

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One of the elements of group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium)

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Group

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A vertical column of elements in the periodic table; elements in a group share chemical properties

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Halogen

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One of the elements of Group 17 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine); halogens combine with most metals to form salts

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Ion

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An atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge

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Metal

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An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well

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Noble Gas

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One of the elements of group 18 of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon); they are unreactive

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Nonmetal

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An element that conducts heat and electricity poorly and that does not form positive ions in an electrolytic solution

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Period

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In chemistry, a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

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Periodic Law

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The law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements