Cell Cycle and Cancer

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, allowing for the self-destruction of damaged or unnecessary cells.

Front

What is the role of Cyclin in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin is a protein that regulates the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), which are essential for cell division.

Front

What is the function of Cdk in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are enzymes that, when activated by cyclins, help to drive the cell cycle forward by phosphorylating target proteins.

Front

What are cell cycle checkpoints?

Back

Cell cycle checkpoints are regulatory pathways that ensure the proper progression of the cell cycle by checking for DNA damage, adequate resources, and correct cell size.

Front

What happens at the G1 checkpoint?

Back

At the G1 checkpoint, the cell assesses its size, nutrient availability, and DNA integrity before proceeding to DNA synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of the G2 checkpoint?

Back

The G2 checkpoint ensures that DNA has been accurately replicated and checks for DNA damage before the cell enters mitosis.

Front

What occurs during the M checkpoint?

Back

The M checkpoint verifies that all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle apparatus before allowing the cell to proceed with mitosis.

Front

What can result from a failure in cell cycle regulation?

Back

Failure in cell cycle regulation can lead to uncontrolled cell division, resulting in cancer.

Front

What is cancer?

Back

Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division, leading to the formation of tumors and potential spread to other parts of the body.

Front

How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?

Back

Cancer cells often grow uncontrollably, evade apoptosis, and can invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant sites.