Ch. 9 Nervous Pt. 1 Review

Front

What is the function of chromatophilic substance in neurons?

Back

Chromatophilic substance, also known as Nissl bodies, is involved in the synthesis of proteins and is essential for the maintenance and repair of neurons.

Front

What part of the nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response?

Back

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight, flight, or freeze reaction, preparing the body for stressful situations.

Front

What does ALS stand for and what is its impact on the nervous system?

Back

ALS stands for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to loss of muscle control.

Front

Describe the pathway of a nerve impulse from one neuron to another.

Back

A nerve impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body, then down the axon, through the axon terminal, across the synapse, and into the dendrite of the next neuron.

Front

What is the role of astrocytes in the nervous system?

Back

Astrocytes are neuroglial cells that connect blood vessels to neurons, providing structural support and regulating blood flow and nutrient supply.

Front

Define the term 'dendrite' in the context of neuron structure.

Back

Dendrites are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body.

Front

What is the primary function of the axon in a neuron?

Back

The axon is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.

Front

Explain the significance of nodes of Ranvier in nerve conduction.

Back

Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath of axons that facilitate rapid conduction of nerve impulses through saltatory conduction.

Front

What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Back

The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stressful situations (fight or flight), while the parasympathetic nervous system promotes rest and digestion.

Front

What is myasthenia gravis and how does it affect the nervous system?

Back

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that leads to weakness in the skeletal muscles by disrupting communication between nerves and muscles.