Statistics Flashcard

Front

Statistics

Back

The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data

Answer explanation

The correct choice defines Statistics as the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data, which encompasses all aspects of the field, unlike the other options that are too narrow or incorrect.

Front

What is the term for the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset?

Back

Range

Answer explanation

The range is defined as the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset. It provides a measure of how spread out the values are, making 'Range' the correct choice among the options.

Front

A table that shows how often each class occurs in the data is called:

Back

Frequency Distribution

Answer explanation

A frequency distribution is a table that displays the number of occurrences of each class in a dataset, making it the correct choice. Class boundaries and cumulative frequency are related concepts but do not represent the frequency of classes.

Front

The smallest and largest numbers that can belong to a class are called:

Back

Class Limits

Answer explanation

The smallest and largest numbers in a class are referred to as Class Limits. They define the range of values that can be included in a particular class, distinguishing it from other options like Class Boundaries or Midpoints.

Front

What represents the values that separate classes without gaps?

Back

Class Boundaries

Answer explanation

Class boundaries are the values that separate classes without gaps, ensuring that there is no overlap between classes. They are essential for accurately defining intervals in a frequency distribution.

Front

What is the difference between the lower-class limit of one class and the lower-class limit of the next class?

Back

Interval (Width)

Answer explanation

The difference between the lower-class limits of consecutive classes is known as the interval (width). It represents the range of values within each class and is crucial for organizing data in a frequency distribution.

Front

The number of times a particular value or class occurs in a dataset is called:

Back

Frequency

Answer explanation

The number of times a particular value or class occurs in a dataset is referred to as 'Frequency'. This term specifically quantifies occurrences, distinguishing it from cumulative frequency, percentage, and class boundaries.

Front

When frequency is expressed as a proportion of the total number of observations, it is called:

Back

Percentage

Answer explanation

When frequency is expressed as a proportion of the total observations, it is termed 'Percentage'. This indicates how much of the total each frequency represents, making 'Percentage' the correct choice.

Front

The total of frequencies added successively from the first class to the last class is known as:

Back

Cumulative Frequency

Answer explanation

Cumulative Frequency refers to the total of frequencies added successively from the first class to the last class, making it the correct choice. It helps in understanding the distribution of data across intervals.

Front

The value exactly halfway between the lower- and upper-class limits is called:

Back

Midpoint

Answer explanation

The value exactly halfway between the lower- and upper-class limits is known as the midpoint. It represents the central value of a class interval, making 'midpoint' the correct choice.