DNA Repair SI

Front

What is Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER)?

Back

A DNA repair mechanism that removes bulky DNA adducts, such as those caused by UV light, by excising a short single-stranded DNA segment containing the lesion.

Front

What is Base Excision Repair (BER)?

Back

A DNA repair pathway that corrects small, non-helix-distorting base lesions by removing the damaged base and replacing it with the correct one.

Front

What is Mismatch Repair (MMR)?

Back

A repair system that corrects mismatches of bases that occur during DNA replication, ensuring the fidelity of DNA synthesis.

Front

What is Homologous Recombination (HR)?

Back

A DNA repair process that uses a homologous sequence as a template to accurately repair double-strand breaks in DNA.

Front

What is the role of APE1 in DNA repair?

Back

APE1 (Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1) recognizes and cleaves abasic sites in DNA, facilitating the repair process.

Front

What type of damage does UV light primarily cause in DNA?

Back

UV light primarily causes the formation of pyrimidine dimers, which distort the DNA helix and can lead to mutations.

Front

What is the significance of cisplatin in cancer treatment?

Back

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug that causes DNA cross-linking, leading to double-strand breaks that are repaired by homologous recombination.

Front

What is hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC)?

Back

A genetic condition associated with a deficiency in mismatch repair, leading to an increased risk of colorectal and other cancers.

Front

What is the function of XPA in DNA repair?

Back

XPA is a protein involved in nucleotide excision repair that helps in the recognition of DNA damage.

Front

What is the difference between NER and BER?

Back

NER repairs bulky DNA lesions, while BER corrects small, non-helix-distorting base lesions.