VUS Emerging Role of the U.S. in World Affairs

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Spanish-American War

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U.S. recognized as a world power, leading to the annexation of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, and asserted right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

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Panama Canal

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U.S. encouraged Panama’s independence from Colombia and negotiated a treaty to build the canal.

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Roosevelt Corollary

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Expanded the U.S. 'police' presence in the Western Hemisphere, established by the Monroe Doctrine.

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Hawaii annexation

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U.S. efforts to depose Hawaii’s monarchy and subsequent annexation.

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Open Door Policy

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Urged foreigners in China to obey Chinese law and observe fair competition.

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World War I

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Began in Europe in 1914. U.S. maintained neutrality for three years due to isolationism.

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U.S. entry into WWI

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Driven by German submarine warfare (violating freedom of the seas) and American ties to Great Britain; Woodrow Wilson aimed to 'make the world safe for democracy'.

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Fourteen Points

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Woodrow Wilson’s plan to eliminate causes of war, including self-determination, freedom of the seas, and the League of Nations.

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Treaty of Versailles

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Insisted on punishment of Germany, created the League of Nations, redrew national boundaries, and established the Mandate System in the Middle East.

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League of Nations debate

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U.S. Senate objected to foreign policy decisions by international organizations, leading to failure to approve the Treaty of Versailles and the U.S. not joining the League.