AP Psychology-Unit 0

Front

Which technique is used to help us determine if results can be generalized to a larger population?

Back

inferential statistics

Answer explanation

Inferential statistics is the technique used to make inferences about a larger population based on sample data, allowing us to determine if results can be generalized.

Front

In which research method do we study one exceptional individual in depth and try to carefully draw conclusions about others based on the evidence?

Back

case study

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'case study' because this research method involves an in-depth examination of one individual, allowing researchers to draw broader conclusions about similar cases based on detailed evidence.

Front

For which of the following distributions of scores would the median most clearly be a more appropriate measure of central tendency than the mean? Options: 16, 28, 4, 8, 24; 8, 9, 12, 10, 16; 9, 6, 9, 12, 9; 6, 18, 4, 5, 2

Back

6, 18, 4, 5, 2

Answer explanation

The distribution 6, 18, 4, 5, 2 has an outlier (18) that skews the mean higher. The median, being the middle value, better represents the central tendency in this case, making it more appropriate than the mean.

Front

The American Psychological Association developed ethical principles urging investigators to: explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.

Back

explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.

Answer explanation

The American Psychological Association emphasizes the importance of debriefing participants after research, ensuring they understand the study's purpose and findings, which aligns with ethical research practices.

Front

When we see certain outcomes as obvious based on what has occurred, we may be experiencing

Back

hindsight bias

Answer explanation

Hindsight bias is the tendency to see events as having been predictable after they have already occurred. When outcomes seem obvious in retrospect, we are experiencing this cognitive bias.

Front

In order to learn about the political attitudes of all students enrolled at Arizona State University, Professor Marlow randomly selected 800 of these students to complete a questionnaire. In this instance, all the students enrolled at Arizona State University are considered to be a(n)

Back

population

Answer explanation

In this context, the term 'population' refers to all students enrolled at Arizona State University, as they are the entire group being studied. The selected 800 students are a sample from this population.

Front

Professor Trinh contends that parents and children have similar levels of intelligence largely because they share common genes. His idea is best described as a(n)

Back

theory

Answer explanation

Professor Trinh's assertion about the intelligence similarity between parents and children due to shared genes is a theoretical perspective, making 'theory' the best description of his idea.

Front

A researcher interested in investigating the attitudes or opinions of a large sample of people is most likely to use which research method? Options: survey, experiment, correlation, case study

Back

survey

Answer explanation

A survey is the most effective method for gathering attitudes or opinions from a large sample, as it allows researchers to collect data from many respondents efficiently and analyze trends in public opinion.

Front

Participants in an experiment are said to be blind if they are uninformed about
which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving.

Back

which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving.

Answer explanation

Participants are considered blind when they do not know which experimental treatment they are receiving. This helps to eliminate bias and ensures that their responses are not influenced by their expectations about the treatment.

Front

Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support “welfare” than “aid to the needy.” These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of

Back

wording effects.

Answer explanation

The differing support for 'welfare' versus 'aid to the needy' highlights how the phrasing of questions can influence responses, demonstrating the significance of wording effects in survey results.