Philosophy Flashcards Test #1

Front

The study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

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Philosophy

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A branch of philosophy that examines the nature of reality, including concepts such as being, existence, and the universe.

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Metaphysics

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The study of knowledge, its nature, sources, limitations, and the methods by which we acquire knowledge.

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Epistemology

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The branch of philosophy that deals with questions of morality, including what is good, bad, right, and wrong.

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Ethics

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Early Greek thinkers before Socrates who focused on cosmology and the nature of existence, laying the groundwork for Western philosophy.

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Pre-Socratic Philosophers

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A group of itinerant teachers in ancient Greece known for their ability to argue persuasively and teach rhetoric, often questioning traditional values and beliefs.

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Sophists

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An ancient Greek philosopher known for his Socratic method, which involves asking guiding questions to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas.

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Socrates

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A student of Socrates and a foundational figure in Western philosophy who established the Academy and wrote dialogues exploring justice, beauty, and equality.

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Plato

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A philosophical metaphor by Plato illustrating the difference between the world of appearances and the world of reality, emphasizing the pursuit of knowledge.

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Allegory of the Cave

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Plato's concept that non-material abstract forms (or ideas) represent the most accurate reality, distinct from the physical world.

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Theory of Forms