Final Exam for Probability and Statistics

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What is a one sample t-test?

Back

A statistical test used to determine if the mean of a single sample is significantly different from a known or hypothesized population mean.

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What does Ho represent in hypothesis testing?

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Ho represents the null hypothesis, which states that there is no effect or no difference.

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What does Ha represent in hypothesis testing?

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Ha represents the alternative hypothesis, which states that there is an effect or a difference.

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What is the significance level (α) in hypothesis testing?

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The significance level (α) is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01.

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What is a sample in statistics?

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A sample is a subset of a population used to represent the entire group.

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What is the minimum sample size needed for a close approximation of a normal distribution?

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A minimum sample size of 30 is generally recommended for a close approximation of a normal distribution.

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What is stratified sampling?

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Stratified sampling is a sampling method where the population is divided into strata, and random samples are taken from each stratum.

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What is the difference between a statistic and a parameter?

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A statistic is a numerical characteristic of a sample, while a parameter is a numerical characteristic of a population.

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What is a one-tailed test in hypothesis testing?

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A one-tailed test is used to determine if there is a significant effect in one specific direction (greater than or less than a certain value).

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What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?

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The purpose of hypothesis testing is to make inferences about population parameters based on sample data.