Basic Concepts of Matter

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What is an atom?

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The basic building block of matter.

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What are atoms made of?

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Atoms are extremely small and made up of a few even smaller parts.

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Molecule:

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A group of atoms that are chemically bonded (joined) to each other. Ex. O₃ and H₂O.

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Particle:

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any individual unit of matter, including atoms and/or molecules

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Kinetic Energy:

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The energy that an object has due to its motion. This motion includes the movement of molecules and atoms within the matter.

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Shape:

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an object’s form

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Volume:

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the amount of space a substance takes up

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Structure:

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The way the particles of matter are arranged.

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Solids:

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The particles have little room to move, so they only vibrate (jiggle). They have the least amount of kinetic energy.

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Liquids:

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The particles have more room to move, so they can slide over each other. They have a medium amount of kinetic energy.