Energy Change and Conservation

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Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

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Kinetic Energy

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The energy an object possesses due to its motion, which is dependent on its mass and speed.

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Example: A cyclist speeds up downhill, showing kinetic energy increasing with motion.

Front

Potential Energy Noun

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[poh-ten-shuhl en-er-jee]

Back

Potential Energy

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The stored energy an object has because of its position, state, or chemical composition.

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Example: A person pushing a ball up a hill shows potential energy stored due to the ball's position.

Front

Chemical Energy Noun

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[kem-i-kuhl en-er-jee]

Back

Chemical Energy

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Energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds that is released when those bonds are broken.

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Example: A battery stores chemical energy in its electrodes and electrolyte, releasing it as electrical energy when connected.

Front

Electrical Energy Noun

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[ih-lek-tri-kuhl en-er-jee]

Back

Electrical Energy

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Energy carried by the movement of electrons, which typically flows through a conductor like a wire.

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Example: A battery powers a light bulb by sending electrical energy through wires.

Front

Thermal Energy Noun

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[thur-muhl en-er-jee]

Back

Thermal Energy

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The internal energy of an object due to the kinetic energy of its atoms and molecules.

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Example: Molecules moving from a hot area to a cold area show thermal energy transfer.

Front

Mechanical Energy Noun

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[muh-kan-i-kuhl en-er-jee]

Back

Mechanical Energy

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The sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in an object that is used to do work.

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Example: A ball on a slope shows potential energy at the top and kinetic energy as it rolls down.

Front

Electromagnetic Radiation Noun

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[ih-lek-troh-mag-net-ik rey-dee-ey-shuhn]

Back

Electromagnetic Radiation

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A form of energy that is propagated through space or a material medium in the form of waves.

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Example: The image shows the visible spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, illustrating how energy travels in waves with different colors and wavelengths.

Front

Friction Noun

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[frik-shuhn]

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Friction

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A force that resists the relative motion or tendency of motion between two surfaces in contact.

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Example: A car moving on a surface shows friction opposing its motion.

Front

Gravity Noun

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[grav-i-tee]

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Gravity

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The force that attracts a body toward the center of a planet or any other physical body having mass.

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Example: Arrows show how gravity pulls objects toward Earth, illustrating the force of attraction.

Front

Energy Transformation Noun

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[en-er-jee trans-for-mey-shuhn]

Back

Energy Transformation

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The process of changing energy from one of its forms into another, such as from electrical to thermal.

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Example: Particles moving from a hot area to a cold area show thermal energy transfer.