Chemistry Basics

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Isotope

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One of two or more atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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Catalyst

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A substance present during a chemical reaction that speeds up the reaction but is not used up or changed during the reaction.

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Equilibrium

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The state of a chemical system in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

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Negligible

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Extremely small and unimportant.

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Reaction rate

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How quickly a specific chemical reaction occurs under specific conditions over time.

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Matter

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Anything that has mass, takes up space, and is made of atoms.

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Atom

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A tiny particle that is the fundamental building block of matter.

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Physical change

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A change in matter from one form to another without becoming a new substance. For example, when water freezes and turns to ice, it goes through a physical change.

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Electron

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A negatively charged particle found in the cloud outside of the nucleus in the atom.

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Element

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A pure substance that is made of only one kind of atom.