Unit 9 BHP vocab 2025

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anthropocene

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An unofficial geologic era characterized by significant human impact on the Earth's geology and ecosystems.

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agrarian

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Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land; often associated with farming communities.

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biosphere

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The global sum of all ecosystems; the zone of life on Earth.

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coal

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A fossil fuel that was a primary energy source during the Industrial Revolution, used to power steam engines and heat buildings.

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Industrialization

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The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

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scarcity

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The state of being in short supply; limited availability of resources.

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textile

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A type of cloth or woven fabric, often produced in factories.

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capitalism

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An economic system where private individuals own and control property and businesses, often driving innovation and industrial growth.

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urbanization

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The process by which rural areas become urban, leading to an increase in city populations as people move for work and better living conditions.

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Industrial Revolution

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A period of major industrialization that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, characterized by the development of machinery and the shift from agrarian societies to industrial ones.