Acids and bases

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) in a chemical reaction and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a conjugate acid?

Back

A conjugate acid is the species formed when a base accepts a proton.

Front

What is a conjugate base?

Back

A conjugate base is the species that remains after an acid donates a proton.

Front

What is the Bronsted-Lowry theory?

Back

The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors.

Front

What is the relationship between pH and [H+] concentration?

Back

pH is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H+].

Front

How do you calculate pH from [H+]?

Back

To calculate pH from [H+], use the formula: pH = -log[H+].

Front

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

Back

The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is 7.

Front

What is the significance of a pH of 3?

Back

A pH of 3 indicates a solution is acidic with a high concentration of hydrogen ions.