DNA and Protein synthesis

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

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mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What are mutations?

Back

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits. They can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful.

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What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, using codons.

Front

What is a codon?

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A codon is a sequence of three nitrogen bases in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

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DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

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tRNA delivers the correct amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching its anticodon with the codon on mRNA.

Front

Where does translation occur in eukaryotic cells?

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Translation occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.