Biology EOC Review #1

Front

What is Active Transport?

Back

A process that requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.

Front

What is Passive Transport?

Back

The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically along the concentration gradient.

Front

How do enzymes function in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What is Activation Energy?

Back

The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

Back

A type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across a cell membrane.

Front

What is the Independent Variable in an experiment?

Back

The variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Front

What is the Dependent Variable in an experiment?

Back

The variable that is measured and affected in the experiment, responding to changes in the independent variable.

Front

What is Osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Back

Enzymes facilitate and accelerate biochemical reactions necessary for life processes.

Front

What factors can affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and the presence of inhibitors or activators.