Sociology Basics

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Society

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A group of people who all have common interests and a distinctive culture.

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Norms

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Expectations or unwritten rules about how someone should behave in a particular situation.

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Values

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Shared ideas and beliefs about what is good, right, or important in society.

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Variation in norms

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Norms can change based on who you are with and where you are.

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Socialisation

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The process by which individuals learn the norms and values of society.

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Status

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The position a person occupies in a particular setting or in society. It is your rank or position and can also be defined by how much respect a person has.

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Ascribed Status

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The status you are given at birth. It is usually fixed.

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Achieved Status

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The status you have been given because you earned it. It is something that you earn because of what you have done or accomplished.

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Roles

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The ‘parts’ that we play in our lives. These can be the jobs we do or the positions we have in society, such as being a mother.

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Role Conflict

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The stress an individual feels when there are different, conflicting expectations placed on them due to the different roles they are playing.