The ability to process information quickly and with little conscious effort. In reading, it refers to recognizing words so effortlessly that cognitive resources can focus on comprehension.

Key Concepts in Reading Skills (Study Guide)

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English
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University
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Medium
Evelyn Dornquast
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33 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
Automaticity
built through repeated exposure and practice. It is essential for fluent reading and is different from basic accuracy; readers must decode words fast and without hesitation
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Understanding how letters and letter patterns represent spoken language.
Back
Orthographic Knowledge
Orthographic knowledge includes recognizing spelling patterns, syllable types, and morphemes. It builds through word study and spelling inventories like those in Words Their Way.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words.
Back
Phonemic Awareness
This is a sub-skill of phonological awareness and a strong predictor of reading success. It is taught through activities like segmenting, blending, and substituting sounds.
Additional Notes: Lacking phonemic awareness can lead to decoding and spelling difficulties. EL students may need more practice due to language differencesDyslexia.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Knowledge of meaning in language—knowing what words and sentences mean.
Back
Semantic Knowledge
Students use semantic knowledge to understand vocabulary, infer meaning, and detect word misuse (e.g., using “there” vs “their”).
Additional Notes: Strong semantic skills are essential for comprehension and vocabulary development
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Understanding the rules for how words are arranged in sentences (grammar).
Back
Syntactic Knowledge
Includes knowledge of sentence structure, word order, and function of parts of speech. Helps readers interpret complex sentences and pronouns.
Additional Notes: Explicit instruction in syntax is helpful for improving comprehension, especially in expository texts
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Awareness and control of one’s own thinking and learning processes.
Back
Metacognition
In reading, metacognition means thinking about one’s own comprehension and using strategies to monitor and fix it (e.g., rereading, asking questions).
Additional Notes: Metacognitive strategies improve comprehension and are explicitly taught through modeling and discussionnational reading panel …
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Instruction that teaches the relationship between graphemes (letters) and phonemes (sounds) in written language.
Back
Phonics
Systematic phonics instruction is sequenced and explicit, helping students decode unfamiliar words by applying sound-symbol knowledge.
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