Heredity Concept 3 Mutations and Pedigrees

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in traits or characteristics of an organism.

Front

What are the four main types of mutations?

Back

The four main types of mutations are: 1) Duplication, 2) Deletion, 3) Inversion, 4) Translocation.

Front

What is an inversion mutation?

Back

An inversion mutation occurs when a segment of DNA is reversed end to end, altering the gene sequence.

Front

What is the genotype of an individual with two identical alleles for a trait?

Back

The genotype is homozygous.

Front

What is the genotype of an individual with two different alleles for a trait?

Back

The genotype is heterozygous.

Front

How many alleles does a person inherit for each trait?

Back

A person inherits two alleles for each trait, one from each parent.

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is dominant?

Back

If a trait is dominant, it means that only one copy of the allele is needed for the trait to be expressed.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is recessive?

Back

If a trait is recessive, it means that two copies of the allele are needed for the trait to be expressed.

Front

What is Huntington's Disease?

Back

Huntington's Disease is a genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele, leading to progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain.