Biology EOC Macromolecules & Cells

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Front

What is the monomer of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is the function of cytoplasm in a cell?

Back

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds organelles in place.

Front

What are the two main types of cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells (without a nucleus) and eukaryotic cells (with a nucleus).

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

A process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What is meiosis?

Back

A type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four haploid cells, typically for sexual reproduction.

Front

What is a haploid cell?

Back

A cell that contains one complete set of chromosomes, such as a sperm or egg cell.

Front

What is a diploid cell?

Back

A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Front

What are peptide bonds?

Back

Covalent bonds that link amino acids together to form proteins.

Front

What is the role of DNA in cells?

Back

DNA contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms.