Acids, Bases, Salt, Elements, Compounds, Mixtures (Retake)

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. It consists of only one type of atom.

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together. Examples include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. Each substance retains its own properties. Examples include air and salad.

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What is the pH scale?

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The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

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What is an acid?

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An acid is a substance that has a pH less than 7 and can donate protons (H+) in a solution. Examples include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and citric acid.

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What is a base?

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A base is a substance that has a pH greater than 7 and can accept protons (H+) or donate hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution. Examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ammonia (NH3).

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What are pure substances?

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Pure substances are materials that have a constant composition and distinct properties. They can be elements or compounds.

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What is a homogeneous mixture?

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A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout. The individual components are not distinguishable. Examples include saltwater and air.

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What is a heterogeneous mixture?

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A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where the individual components are distinguishable and not uniformly distributed. Examples include salad and sand.

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What is a solution?

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A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent). An example is sugar dissolved in water.