Heredity Vocabulary

Front

A change in the DNA sequence of a chromosome

Back

Mutation

Front

The process in which a strand of DNA is copied into an RNA strand for protein synthesis

Back

Transcription

Front

The process by which mRNA is converted by a ribosome and tRNAs into a polypeptide with a specific sequence of amino acids

Back

Translation

Front

A single-stranded nucleic acid, that is a copy of a specific DNA sequence

Back

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Front

A mutation in which a base is removed from the DNA or mRNA strand

Back

Deletion

Front

The addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence

Back

Insertion

Front

A point mutation in which one base pair in the DNA sequence is replaced by another

Back

Substitution

Front

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that encodes a specific amino acid or a signal to stop translation

Back

Codon

Front

When a DNA molecule’s nitrogenous bases align with each other

Back

Complementary Base Pairing

Front

The process by which genetic information generates a specific protein or trait

Back

Gene Expression