Unit 5: Cell Cycle & Cancer

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What is meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the production of four haploid (n) cells from one diploid (2n) cell.

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What are gametes?

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Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that are produced through meiosis and contain half the genetic material of the organism.

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What is the main purpose of meiosis?

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The main purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes for sexual reproduction, ensuring genetic diversity through recombination and independent assortment.

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What is the difference between diploid and haploid cells?

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Diploid cells (2n) contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, while haploid cells (n) contain only one set of chromosomes.

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What happens during Anaphase I of meiosis?

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During Anaphase I, homologous chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell by their centromeres.

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Why is genetic diversity important in meiosis?

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Genetic diversity is important because it increases the chances of survival for a species by providing a wider range of traits that can adapt to changing environments.

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What is crossing over in meiosis?

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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I, leading to genetic variation in the resulting gametes.

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What role do chromosomes play in cell division?

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Chromosomes ensure that DNA is accurately copied and distributed to daughter cells during cell division.

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What are the stages of meiosis?

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Meiosis consists of two main stages: Meiosis I (reduction division) and Meiosis II (equational division), each with its own phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

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What type of cells does meiosis produce in males?

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Meiosis produces sperm cells in males.