Diabetic retinopathy (PBL)

Front

Which of the following findings fulfills the 4-2-1 rule indicating severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy? Options: Dot and blot hemorrhages in 2 quadrants, venous beading in 1 quadrant, and IRMA in 1 quadrant, Dot and blot hemorrhages in 4 quadrants, venous beading in 2 quadrants, and IRMA in 1 quadrant, Hard exudates in 3 quadrants, venous beading in 2 quadrants, and IRMA absent, Dot hemorrhages in 1 quadrant, venous beading in 2 quadrants, IRMA in 2 quadrants

Back

Dot and blot hemorrhages in 4 quadrants, venous beading in 2 quadrants, and IRMA in 1 quadrant

Front

Which of the following ISN'T a treatment option for diabetic maculopathy?
Panretinal photocoagulation, Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF, Pars plana vitrectomy, Intravitreal injections of steroids

Back

Pars plana vitrectomy

Front

What is the follow-up interval for moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

Back

6 months

Front

A 50-year-old man with a history of diabetes and poor medication adherence shows diffuse neovascularisation and cotton wool spots on fundoscopy. What treatment pathway would be most beneficial? Options: Intravitreal VEGF inhibitors + Pan-retinal photocoagulation laser, Intravitreal VEGF inhibitors only, Macular laser therapy, Watchful waiting with regular optometry visits, Pan-retinal photocoagulation laser only.

Back

Intravitreal VEGF inhibitors + Pan-retinal photocoagulation laser