1.2 Classification of Matter

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What is an element?

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An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Examples include hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and gold (Au).

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What is a compound?

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A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together. Examples include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

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What is a mixture?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. The individual components retain their properties.

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What is a homogeneous mixture?

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A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout. Examples include saltwater and air.

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What is a heterogeneous mixture?

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A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components can be easily distinguished and separated. Examples include salad and sand.

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What is a solution?

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A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent). An example is sugar dissolved in water.

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What is a suspension?

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A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid but will settle over time. An example is muddy water.

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What is a colloid?

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A colloid is a mixture where very small particles of one substance are evenly distributed throughout another substance. Examples include milk and fog.

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What distinguishes a pure substance from a mixture?

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A pure substance has a constant composition and distinct properties, while a mixture contains two or more substances that retain their individual properties.

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What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

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A compound is a substance formed from two or more elements chemically bonded together, while a mixture is a physical combination of two or more substances.