DNA and Its Role in Heredity

Front

What provided the first pieces of evidence that DNA was the genetic material?

Back

Cell staining techniques.

Front

What did experiments show about the transformation of bacteria?

Back

One strain of bacteria could be genetically transformed to another strain, with DNA as the transforming agent.

Front

What did the Hershey-Chase experiment determine?

Back

Whether DNA or protein is the genetic material.

Front

What is Chargaff’s rule?

Back

In all DNA, the amount of purines equals the amount of pyrimidines.

Front

What are the four different nucleotides in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Thymine (T).

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

A double-stranded helix.

Front

What is the significance of the antiparallel nature of DNA strands?

Back

It allows for complementary base pairing and proper DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Short, discontinuous stretches of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during replication.

Front

What is the function of telomerase?

Back

It adds lost telomeres to the ends of chromosomes, preventing them from becoming shorter with each replication.